| adoption | | |
| n. (act) | 1. acceptance, acceptation, adoption, espousal | the act of accepting with approval; favorable reception.; "its adoption by society"; "the proposal found wide acceptance" |
| ~ embrace, bosom | a close affectionate and protective acceptance.; "his willing embrace of new ideas"; "in the bosom of the family" |
| ~ approval, approving, blessing | the formal act of approving.; "he gave the project his blessing"; "his decision merited the approval of any sensible person" |
| n. (act) | 2. adoption | a legal proceeding that creates a parent-child relation between persons not related by blood; the adopted child is entitled to all privileges belonging to a natural child of the adoptive parents (including the right to inherit). |
| ~ legal proceeding, proceeding, proceedings | (law) the institution of a sequence of steps by which legal judgments are invoked. |
| ~ law, jurisprudence | the collection of rules imposed by authority.; "civilization presupposes respect for the law"; "the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order" |
| n. (act) | 3. adoption, borrowing | the appropriation (of ideas or words etc) from another source.; "the borrowing of ancient motifs was very apparent" |
| ~ appropriation | a deliberate act of acquisition of something, often without the permission of the owner.; "the necessary funds were obtained by the government's appropriation of the company's operating unit"; "a person's appropriation of property belonging to another is dishonest" |
| ~ naturalisation, naturalization | changing the pronunciation of a borrowed word to agree with the borrowers' phonology.; "the naturalization in English of many Italian words" |
| ~ misappropriation | wrongful borrowing.; "his explanation was a misappropriation of sociological theory" |
| ~ crossover | the appropriation of a new style (especially in popular music) by combining elements of different genres in order to appeal to a wider audience.; "a jazz-classical crossover album" |
| patronage | | |
| n. (act) | 1. backing, backup, championship, patronage | the act of providing approval and support.; "his vigorous backing of the conservatives got him in trouble with progressives" |
| ~ approval, approving, blessing | the formal act of approving.; "he gave the project his blessing"; "his decision merited the approval of any sensible person" |
| n. (group) | 2. business, clientele, patronage | customers collectively.; "they have an upper class clientele" |
| ~ people | (plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively.; "old people"; "there were at least 200 people in the audience" |
| n. (communication) | 3. condescension, disdain, patronage | a communication that indicates lack of respect by patronizing the recipient. |
| ~ derogation, disparagement, depreciation | a communication that belittles somebody or something. |
| n. (act) | 4. patronage | (politics) granting favors or giving contracts or making appointments to office in return for political support. |
| ~ social control | control exerted (actively or passively) by group action. |
| ~ nomenklatura | the system of patronage in communist countries; controlled by committees in the Communist Party. |
| ~ political science, politics, government | the study of government of states and other political units. |
| n. (act) | 5. patronage, trade | the business given to a commercial establishment by its customers.; "even before noon there was a considerable patronage" |
| ~ business | the volume of commercial activity.; "business is good today"; "show me where the business was today" |
| ~ custom | habitual patronage.; "I have given this tailor my custom for many years" |
| v. (consumption) | 6. patronage | support by being a patron of. |
| ~ maintain, sustain, keep | supply with necessities and support.; "She alone sustained her family"; "The money will sustain our good cause"; "There's little to earn and many to keep" |
| v. (communication) | 7. keep going, patronage, patronise, patronize, support | be a regular customer or client of.; "We patronize this store"; "Our sponsor kept our art studio going for as long as he could" |
| ~ nurture, foster | help develop, help grow.; "nurture his talents" |
| ~ keep going, run on | continue uninterrupted.; "The disease will run on unchecked"; "The party kept going until 4 A.M." |
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