| shorten | | |
| v. (change) | 1. shorten | make shorter than originally intended; reduce or retrench in length or duration.; "He shortened his trip due to illness" |
| ~ foreshorten | shorten lines in a drawing so as to create an illusion of depth. |
| ~ curtail, cut short, clip | terminate or abbreviate before its intended or proper end or its full extent.; "My speech was cut short"; "Personal freedom is curtailed in many countries" |
| ~ shorten | become short or shorter.; "In winter, the days shorten" |
| ~ syncopate | omit a sound or letter in a word.; "syncopate a word" |
| ~ cut short, truncate | make shorter as if by cutting off.; "truncate a word"; "Erosion has truncated the ridges of the mountains" |
| ~ cut down, reduce, trim back, trim down, cut, cut back, trim, bring down | cut down on; make a reduction in.; "reduce your daily fat intake"; "The employer wants to cut back health benefits" |
| v. (change) | 2. abbreviate, abridge, contract, cut, foreshorten, reduce, shorten | reduce in scope while retaining essential elements.; "The manuscript must be shortened" |
| ~ bowdlerise, bowdlerize, expurgate, castrate, shorten | edit by omitting or modifying parts considered indelicate.; "bowdlerize a novel" |
| ~ edit out, edit, cut | cut and assemble the components of.; "edit film"; "cut recording tape" |
| ~ condense, concentrate, digest | make more concise.; "condense the contents of a book into a summary" |
| ~ minify, decrease, lessen | make smaller.; "He decreased his staff" |
| v. (change) | 3. shorten | make short or shorter.; "shorten the skirt"; "shorten the rope by a few inches" |
| ~ alter, change, modify | cause to change; make different; cause a transformation.; "The advent of the automobile may have altered the growth pattern of the city"; "The discussion has changed my thinking about the issue" |
| ~ cut | shorten as if by severing the edges or ends of.; "cut my hair" |
| v. (change) | 4. shorten | become short or shorter.; "In winter, the days shorten" |
| ~ decrease, diminish, lessen, fall | decrease in size, extent, or range.; "The amount of homework decreased towards the end of the semester"; "The cabin pressure fell dramatically"; "her weight fell to under a hundred pounds"; "his voice fell to a whisper" |
| v. (change) | 5. bowdlerise, bowdlerize, castrate, expurgate, shorten | edit by omitting or modifying parts considered indelicate.; "bowdlerize a novel" |
| ~ abbreviate, abridge, foreshorten, shorten, contract, reduce, cut | reduce in scope while retaining essential elements.; "The manuscript must be shortened" |
| stifle | | |
| n. (animal) | 1. knee, stifle | joint between the femur and tibia in a quadruped; corresponds to the human knee. |
| ~ hind leg | the back limb of a quadruped. |
| ~ articulatio, joint, articulation | (anatomy) the point of connection between two bones or elements of a skeleton (especially if it allows motion). |
| v. (contact) | 2. muffle, repress, smother, stifle, strangle | conceal or hide.; "smother a yawn"; "muffle one's anger"; "strangle a yawn" |
| ~ conquer, inhibit, stamp down, suppress, curb, subdue | to put down by force or authority.; "suppress a nascent uprising"; "stamp down on littering"; "conquer one's desires" |
| v. (change) | 3. dampen, stifle | smother or suppress.; "Stifle your curiosity" |
| ~ suffocate, choke | suppress the development, creativity, or imagination of.; "His job suffocated him" |
| ~ conquer, inhibit, stamp down, suppress, curb, subdue | to put down by force or authority.; "suppress a nascent uprising"; "stamp down on littering"; "conquer one's desires" |
| v. (contact) | 4. asphyxiate, choke, stifle, suffocate | impair the respiration of or obstruct the air passage of.; "The foul air was slowly suffocating the children" |
| ~ obturate, occlude, close up, impede, obstruct, jam, block | block passage through.; "obstruct the path" |
| v. (change) | 5. asphyxiate, stifle, suffocate | be asphyxiated; die from lack of oxygen.; "The child suffocated under the pillow" |
| ~ buy the farm, cash in one's chips, croak, decease, die, drop dead, give-up the ghost, kick the bucket, pass away, perish, snuff it, expire, pop off, conk, exit, choke, go, pass | pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life.; "She died from cancer"; "The children perished in the fire"; "The patient went peacefully"; "The old guy kicked the bucket at the age of 102" |
| ~ strangle | die from strangulation. |
| ~ asphyxiate, suffocate, smother | deprive of oxygen and prevent from breathing.; "Othello smothered Desdemona with a pillow"; "The child suffocated herself with a plastic bag that the parents had left on the floor" |
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