| established | | |
| adj. | 1. constituted, established | brought about or set up or accepted; especially long established.; "the established social order"; "distrust the constituted authority"; "a team established as a member of a major league"; "enjoyed his prestige as an established writer"; "an established precedent"; "the established Church" |
| ~ deep-rooted, deep-seated, implanted, ingrained, planted | (used especially of ideas or principles) deeply rooted; firmly fixed or held.; "deep-rooted prejudice"; "deep-seated differences of opinion"; "implanted convictions"; "ingrained habits of a lifetime"; "a deeply planted need" |
| ~ entrenched | established firmly and securely.; "the entrenched power of the nobility" |
| ~ grooved, well-grooved | established as if settled into a groove or rut. |
| ~ legitimate | in accordance with recognized or accepted standards or principles.; "legitimate advertising practices" |
| ~ official | (of a church) given official status as a national or state institution. |
| ~ recognised, recognized | provided with a secure reputation.; "a recognized authority" |
| ~ self-constituted, self-established | constituted by or established by itself. |
| adj. | 2. accomplished, effected, established | settled securely and unconditionally.; "that smoking causes health problems is an accomplished fact" |
| ~ settled | established or decided beyond dispute or doubt.; "with details of the wedding settled she could now sleep at night" |
| adj. | 3. conventional, established | conforming with accepted standards.; "a conventional view of the world" |
| ~ orthodox | adhering to what is commonly accepted.; "an orthodox view of the world" |
| adj. | 4. established | shown to be valid beyond a reasonable doubt.; "the established facts in the case" |
| ~ proved, proven | established beyond doubt.; "a proven liar"; "a Soviet leader of proven shrewdness" |
| adj. | 5. established, naturalized | introduced from another region and persisting without cultivation. |
| ~ foreign, strange | relating to or originating in or characteristic of another place or part of the world.; "foreign nations"; "a foreign accent"; "on business in a foreign city" |
| setup | | |
| n. (artifact) | 1. apparatus, setup | equipment designed to serve a specific function. |
| ~ aerator | an apparatus for exposing something to the air (as sewage). |
| ~ burner | an apparatus for burning fuel (or refuse).; "a diesel engine is an oil burner" |
| ~ cascade liquefier | an apparatus used to liquefy air or oxygen etc.. |
| ~ centrifuge, separator, extractor | an apparatus that uses centrifugal force to separate particles from a suspension. |
| ~ chemical reactor | an apparatus for holding substances that are undergoing a chemical reaction. |
| ~ condenser | an apparatus that converts vapor into liquid. |
| ~ copier, duplicator | apparatus that makes copies of typed, written or drawn material. |
| ~ electrograph | an apparatus for the electrical transmission of pictures. |
| ~ equipment | an instrumentality needed for an undertaking or to perform a service. |
| ~ generator | an apparatus that produces a vapor or gas. |
| ~ heat pump | apparatus that extracts heat from a liquid that is at a higher temperature than its surroundings; can be used to transfer heat from a reservoir outside in order to heat a building. |
| ~ heliograph | an apparatus for sending telegraphic messages by using a mirror to turn the sun's rays off and on. |
| ~ brooder, incubator | apparatus consisting of a box designed to maintain a constant temperature by the use of a thermostat; used for chicks or premature infants. |
| ~ instillator | medical apparatus that puts a liquid into a cavity drop by drop. |
| ~ kipp's apparatus | a laboratory apparatus for producing a gas (usually hydrogen sulfide) by the action of a liquid on a solid without heating. |
| ~ lighting | apparatus for supplying artificial light effects for the stage or a film. |
| ~ nuclear reactor, reactor | (physics) any of several kinds of apparatus that maintain and control a nuclear reaction for the production of energy or artificial elements. |
| ~ optical bench | apparatus for observation and measurement of optical phenomena. |
| ~ pendulum | an apparatus consisting of an object mounted so that it swings freely under the influence of gravity. |
| ~ purifier | an apparatus for removing impurities. |
| ~ reformer | an apparatus that reforms the molecular structure of hydrocarbons to produce richer fuel.; "a catalytic reformer" |
| ~ semaphore | an apparatus for visual signaling with lights or mechanically moving arms. |
| ~ sequenator, sequencer | (chemistry) an apparatus that can determine the sequence of monomers in a polymer. |
| ~ soda fountain | an apparatus for dispensing soda water. |
| ~ still | an apparatus used for the distillation of liquids; consists of a vessel in which a substance is vaporized by heat and a condenser where the vapor is condensed. |
| ~ submersible | an apparatus intended for use under water. |
| ~ telegraph, telegraphy | apparatus used to communicate at a distance over a wire (usually in Morse code). |
| ~ titrator | an apparatus for performing a titration. |
| ~ x-ray machine | an apparatus that provides a source of X rays. |
| n. (attribute) | 2. setup | the way something is organized or arranged.; "it takes time to learn the setup around here" |
| ~ fashion, manner, mode, style, way | how something is done or how it happens.; "her dignified manner"; "his rapid manner of talking"; "their nomadic mode of existence"; "in the characteristic New York style"; "a lonely way of life"; "in an abrasive fashion" |
| ~ colloquialism | a colloquial expression; characteristic of spoken or written communication that seeks to imitate informal speech. |
| n. (act) | 3. frame-up, setup | an act that incriminates someone on a false charge. |
| ~ falsehood, falsification | the act of rendering something false as by fraudulent changes (of documents or measures etc.) or counterfeiting. |
| shoring | | |
| n. (artifact) | 1. shore, shoring | a beam or timber that is propped against a structure to provide support. |
| ~ beam | long thick piece of wood or metal or concrete, etc., used in construction. |
| n. (act) | 2. propping up, shoring, shoring up | the act of propping up with shores. |
| ~ supporting, support | the act of bearing the weight of or strengthening.; "he leaned against the wall for support" |
| build | | |
| n. (attribute) | 1. body-build, build, habitus, physique | constitution of the human body. |
| ~ bodily property | an attribute of the body. |
| ~ lankiness | a tall and thin physique. |
| ~ dumpiness, squattiness | a short and stout physique. |
| ~ body type, somatotype | a category of physique. |
| n. (body) | 2. anatomy, bod, build, chassis, figure, flesh, form, frame, human body, material body, physical body, physique, shape, soma | alternative names for the body of a human being.; "Leonardo studied the human body"; "he has a strong physique"; "the spirit is willing but the flesh is weak" |
| ~ individual, mortal, person, somebody, someone, soul | a human being.; "there was too much for one person to do" |
| ~ human, human being, homo, man | any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae characterized by superior intelligence, articulate speech, and erect carriage. |
| ~ body, organic structure, physical structure | the entire structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being).; "he felt as if his whole body were on fire" |
| ~ person | a human body (usually including the clothing).; "a weapon was hidden on his person" |
| ~ juvenile body | the body of a young person. |
| ~ adult body | the body of an adult human being. |
| ~ male body | the body of a male human being. |
| ~ female body | the body of a female human being. |
| v. (creation) | 3. build, construct, make | make by combining materials and parts.; "this little pig made his house out of straw"; "Some eccentric constructed an electric brassiere warmer" |
| ~ customise, customize | make according to requirements.; "customize a car" |
| ~ revet | construct a revetment. |
| ~ create, make | make or cause to be or to become.; "make a mess in one's office"; "create a furor" |
| ~ dry-wall | construct with drywall.; "dry-wall the basement of the house" |
| ~ lock | build locks in order to facilitate the navigation of vessels. |
| ~ wattle | build of or with wattle. |
| ~ frame up, frame | construct by fitting or uniting parts together. |
| ~ rebuild, reconstruct | build again.; "The house was rebuild after it was hit by a bomb" |
| ~ groin | build with groins.; "The ceiling was groined" |
| ~ cantilever | construct with girders and beams such that only one end is fixed.; "Frank Lloyd Wright liked to cantilever his buildings" |
| ~ erect, put up, set up, rear, raise | construct, build, or erect.; "Raise a barn" |
| ~ build | be engaged in building.; "These architects build in interesting and new styles" |
| ~ corduroy | build (a road) from logs laid side by side. |
| ~ channelise, channelize | make a channel for; provide with a channel.; "channelize the country for better transportation" |
| v. (change) | 4. build, build up, progress, work up | form or accumulate steadily.; "Resistance to the manager's plan built up quickly"; "Pressure is building up at the Indian-Pakistani border" |
| ~ build | develop and grow.; "Suspense was building right from the beginning of the opera" |
| ~ develop | grow, progress, unfold, or evolve through a process of evolution, natural growth, differentiation, or a conducive environment.; "A flower developed on the branch"; "The country developed into a mighty superpower"; "The embryo develops into a fetus"; "This situation has developed over a long time" |
| ~ ramp up, work up, build up, build | bolster or strengthen.; "We worked up courage"; "build up confidence"; "ramp up security in the airports" |
| v. (creation) | 5. build, establish | build or establish something abstract.; "build a reputation" |
| ~ create, make | make or cause to be or to become.; "make a mess in one's office"; "create a furor" |
| v. (change) | 6. build | improve the cleansing action of.; "build detergents" |
| ~ chemical science, chemistry | the science of matter; the branch of the natural sciences dealing with the composition of substances and their properties and reactions. |
| ~ ameliorate, improve, meliorate, amend, better | to make better.; "The editor improved the manuscript with his changes" |
| v. (social) | 7. build | order, supervise, or finance the construction of.; "The government is building new schools in this state" |
| ~ oversee, superintend, supervise, manage | watch and direct.; "Who is overseeing this project?" |
| v. (creation) | 8. build | give form to, according to a plan.; "build a modern nation"; "build a million-dollar business" |
| ~ develop | make something new, such as a product or a mental or artistic creation.; "Her company developed a new kind of building material that withstands all kinds of weather"; "They developed a new technique" |
| v. (creation) | 9. build | be engaged in building.; "These architects build in interesting and new styles" |
| ~ architecture | the discipline dealing with the principles of design and construction and ornamentation of fine buildings.; "architecture and eloquence are mixed arts whose end is sometimes beauty and sometimes use" |
| ~ build, construct, make | make by combining materials and parts.; "this little pig made his house out of straw"; "Some eccentric constructed an electric brassiere warmer" |
| ~ create | pursue a creative activity; be engaged in a creative activity.; "Don't disturb him--he is creating" |
| v. (cognition) | 10. build | found or ground.; "build a defense on nothing but the accused person's reputation" |
| ~ base, found, establish, ground | use as a basis for; found on.; "base a claim on some observation" |
| v. (change) | 11. build, build up, ramp up, work up | bolster or strengthen.; "We worked up courage"; "build up confidence"; "ramp up security in the airports" |
| ~ increase | make bigger or more.; "The boss finally increased her salary"; "The university increased the number of students it admitted" |
| ~ work up, build, build up, progress | form or accumulate steadily.; "Resistance to the manager's plan built up quickly"; "Pressure is building up at the Indian-Pakistani border" |
| v. (change) | 12. build | develop and grow.; "Suspense was building right from the beginning of the opera" |
| ~ deepen, intensify | become more intense.; "The debate intensified"; "His dislike for raw fish only deepened in Japan" |
| ~ work up, build, build up, progress | form or accumulate steadily.; "Resistance to the manager's plan built up quickly"; "Pressure is building up at the Indian-Pakistani border" |
| construct | | |
| n. (cognition) | 1. concept, conception, construct | an abstract or general idea inferred or derived from specific instances. |
| ~ idea, thought | the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about.; "it was not a good idea"; "the thought never entered my mind" |
| ~ conceptualisation, conceptuality, conceptualization | an elaborated concept. |
| ~ notion | a general inclusive concept. |
| ~ category | a general concept that marks divisions or coordinations in a conceptual scheme. |
| ~ rule, regulation | a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior.; "it was his rule to take a walk before breakfast"; "short haircuts were the regulation" |
| ~ attribute, dimension, property | a construct whereby objects or individuals can be distinguished.; "self-confidence is not an endearing property" |
| ~ abstract, abstraction | a concept or idea not associated with any specific instance.; "he loved her only in the abstract--not in person" |
| ~ quantity | the concept that something has a magnitude and can be represented in mathematical expressions by a constant or a variable. |
| ~ division, section, part | one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole.; "the written part of the exam"; "the finance section of the company"; "the BBC's engineering division" |
| ~ whole | all of something including all its component elements or parts.; "Europe considered as a whole"; "the whole of American literature" |
| ~ natural law, law | a rule or body of rules of conduct inherent in human nature and essential to or binding upon human society. |
| ~ law of nature, law | a generalization that describes recurring facts or events in nature.; "the laws of thermodynamics" |
| ~ lexicalized concept | a concept that is expressed by a word (in some particular language). |
| ~ hypothesis, theory, possibility | a tentative insight into the natural world; a concept that is not yet verified but that if true would explain certain facts or phenomena.; "a scientific hypothesis that survives experimental testing becomes a scientific theory"; "he proposed a fresh theory of alkalis that later was accepted in chemical practices" |
| ~ fact | a concept whose truth can be proved.; "scientific hypotheses are not facts" |
| ~ linguistic rule, rule | (linguistics) a rule describing (or prescribing) a linguistic practice. |
| v. (creation) | 2. construct, fabricate, manufacture | put together out of artificial or natural components or parts.; "the company fabricates plastic chairs"; "They manufacture small toys"; "He manufactured a popular cereal" |
| ~ mass-produce | produce on a large scale. |
| ~ make | make by shaping or bringing together constituents.; "make a dress"; "make a cake"; "make a wall of stones" |
| ~ raft | make into a raft.; "raft these logs" |
| v. (contact) | 3. construct | draw with suitable instruments and under specified conditions.; "construct an equilateral triangle" |
| ~ geometry | the pure mathematics of points and lines and curves and surfaces. |
| ~ trace, describe, draw, line, delineate | make a mark or lines on a surface.; "draw a line"; "trace the outline of a figure in the sand" |
| v. (creation) | 4. construct | create by linking linguistic units.; "construct a sentence"; "construct a paragraph" |
| ~ create by mental act, create mentally | create mentally and abstractly rather than with one's hands. |
| v. (creation) | 5. construct | create by organizing and linking ideas, arguments, or concepts.; "construct a proof"; "construct an argument" |
| ~ create by mental act, create mentally | create mentally and abstractly rather than with one's hands. |
| v. (cognition) | 6. construct, reconstruct, retrace | reassemble mentally.; "reconstruct the events of 20 years ago" |
| ~ conjecture, hypothesise, hypothesize, speculate, theorise, theorize, hypothecate, suppose | to believe especially on uncertain or tentative grounds.; "Scientists supposed that large dinosaurs lived in swamps" |
| ~ etymologise, etymologize | construct the history of words. |
| establish | | |
| v. (social) | 1. establish, found, launch, set up | set up or found.; "She set up a literacy program" |
| ~ open, open up | start to operate or function or cause to start operating or functioning.; "open a business" |
| v. (creation) | 2. constitute, establish, found, institute, plant | set up or lay the groundwork for.; "establish a new department" |
| ~ initiate, pioneer | take the lead or initiative in; participate in the development of.; "This South African surgeon pioneered heart transplants" |
| ~ fix | set or place definitely.; "Let's fix the date for the party!" |
| ~ appoint, constitute, name, nominate | create and charge with a task or function.; "nominate a committee" |
| v. (cognition) | 3. demonstrate, establish, prove, shew, show | establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment.; "The experiment demonstrated the instability of the compound"; "The mathematician showed the validity of the conjecture" |
| ~ prove oneself | show one's ability or courage. |
| ~ prove | prove formally; demonstrate by a mathematical, formal proof. |
| ~ affirm, confirm, corroborate, substantiate, support, sustain | establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts.; "his story confirmed my doubts"; "The evidence supports the defendant" |
| ~ negate, contradict | prove negative; show to be false. |
| ~ stultify | prove to be of unsound mind or demonstrate someone's incompetence.; "nobody is legally allowed to stultify himself" |
| v. (cognition) | 4. establish, lay down, make | institute, enact, or establish.; "make laws" |
| ~ set, mark | establish as the highest level or best performance.; "set a record" |
| ~ create, make | make or cause to be or to become.; "make a mess in one's office"; "create a furor" |
| v. (creation) | 5. establish, give | bring about.; "The trompe l'oeil-illusion establishes depth" |
| ~ create, make | make or cause to be or to become.; "make a mess in one's office"; "create a furor" |
| ~ introduce | bring in or establish in a new place or environment.; "introduce a rule"; "introduce exotic fruits" |
| ~ generate, yield, render, give, return | give or supply.; "The cow brings in 5 liters of milk"; "This year's crop yielded 1,000 bushels of corn"; "The estate renders some revenue for the family" |
| ~ pacify | fight violence and try to establish peace in (a location).; "The U.N. troops are working to pacify Bosnia" |
| v. (contact) | 6. establish, instal, install, set up | place.; "Her manager had set her up at the Ritz" |
| v. (cognition) | 7. base, establish, found, ground | use as a basis for; found on.; "base a claim on some observation" |
| ~ build | found or ground.; "build a defense on nothing but the accused person's reputation" |
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