| judgement | | |
| n. (communication) | 1. judgement, judgment, legal opinion, opinion | the legal document stating the reasons for a judicial decision.; "opinions are usually written by a single judge" |
| ~ legal document, legal instrument, official document, instrument | (law) a document that states some contractual relationship or grants some right. |
| ~ concurring opinion | an opinion that agrees with the court's disposition of the case but is written to express a particular judge's reasoning. |
| ~ dissenting opinion | an opinion that disagrees with the court's disposition of the case. |
| ~ majority opinion | the opinion joined by a majority of the court (generally known simply as `the opinion'). |
| ~ fatwah | (Islam) a legal opinion or ruling issued by an Islamic scholar.; "bin Laden issued three fatwahs calling upon Muslims to take up arms against the United States" |
| ~ dictum, obiter dictum | an opinion voiced by a judge on a point of law not directly bearing on the case in question and therefore not binding. |
| ~ law, jurisprudence | the collection of rules imposed by authority.; "civilization presupposes respect for the law"; "the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order" |
| n. (cognition) | 2. judgement, judgment, mind | an opinion formed by judging something.; "he was reluctant to make his judgment known"; "she changed her mind" |
| ~ conclusion, decision, determination | a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration.; "a decision unfavorable to the opposition"; "his conclusion took the evidence into account"; "satisfied with the panel's determination" |
| ~ opinion, persuasion, sentiment, thought, view | a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty.; "my opinion differs from yours"; "I am not of your persuasion"; "what are your thoughts on Haiti?" |
| n. (cognition) | 3. judgement, judging, judgment | the cognitive process of reaching a decision or drawing conclusions. |
| ~ deciding, decision making | the cognitive process of reaching a decision.; "a good executive must be good at decision making" |
| ~ prejudgement, prejudgment | a judgment reached before the evidence is available. |
| n. (cognition) | 4. discernment, judgement, judgment, sagaciousness, sagacity | the mental ability to understand and discriminate between relations. |
| ~ eye | good discernment (either visually or as if visually).; "she has an eye for fresh talent"; "he has an artist's eye" |
| ~ common sense, good sense, gumption, horse sense, mother wit, sense | sound practical judgment.; "Common sense is not so common"; "he hasn't got the sense God gave little green apples"; "fortunately she had the good sense to run away" |
| ~ judiciousness | good judgment. |
| ~ circumspection, discreetness, discretion, prudence | knowing how to avoid embarrassment or distress.; "the servants showed great tact and discretion" |
| ~ indiscreetness, injudiciousness | lacking good judgment. |
| ~ sapience, wisdom | ability to apply knowledge or experience or understanding or common sense and insight. |
| n. (attribute) | 5. judgement, judgment, perspicacity, sound judgement, sound judgment | the capacity to assess situations or circumstances shrewdly and to draw sound conclusions. |
| ~ trait | a distinguishing feature of your personal nature. |
| ~ objectiveness, objectivity | judgment based on observable phenomena and uninfluenced by emotions or personal prejudices. |
| ~ subjectiveness, subjectivity | judgment based on individual personal impressions and feelings and opinions rather than external facts. |
| n. (act) | 6. judgement, judgment, judicial decision | (law) the determination by a court of competent jurisdiction on matters submitted to it. |
| ~ due process, due process of law | (law) the administration of justice according to established rules and principles; based on the principle that a person cannot be deprived of life or liberty or property without appropriate legal procedures and safeguards. |
| ~ reversal | a judgment by a higher court that the judgment of a lower court was incorrect and should be set aside. |
| ~ affirmation | a judgment by a higher court that the judgment of a lower court was correct and should stand. |
| ~ cognovit judgement, cognovit judgment, confession of judgement, confession of judgment | a judgment entered after a written confession by the debtor without the expense of ordinary legal proceedings. |
| ~ default judgement, default judgment, judgement by default, judgment by default | a judgment entered in favor of the plaintiff when the defendant defaults (fails to appear in court). |
| ~ non pros, non prosequitur | a judgment entered in favor of the defendant when the plaintiff has not continued his action (e.g., has not appeared in court). |
| ~ final decision, final judgment | a judgment disposing of the case before the court; after the judgment (or an appeal from it) is rendered all that remains is to enforce the judgment. |
| ~ judgement in personam, judgment in personam, personal judgement, personal judgment | a judgment rendered against an individual (or corporation) for the payment of money damages. |
| ~ judgement in rem, judgment in rem | a judgment pronounced on the status of some particular subject or property or thing (as opposed to one pronounced on persons). |
| ~ dismissal, judgement of dismissal, judgment of dismissal | a judgment disposing of the matter without a trial. |
| ~ judgement on the merits, judgment on the merits | judgment rendered through analysis and adjudication of the factual issues presented. |
| ~ judgement on the pleadings, judgment on the pleadings, summary judgement, summary judgment | a judgment rendered by the court prior to a verdict because no material issue of fact exists and one party or the other is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law. |
| ~ arbitrament, arbitrement, arbitration | the act of deciding as an arbiter; giving authoritative judgment.; "they submitted their disagreement to arbitration" |
| ~ ruling, opinion | the reason for a court's judgment (as opposed to the decision itself). |
| ~ finding | the decision of a court on issues of fact or law. |
| ~ law, jurisprudence | the collection of rules imposed by authority.; "civilization presupposes respect for the law"; "the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order" |
| n. (act) | 7. assessment, judgement, judgment | the act of judging or assessing a person or situation or event.; "they criticized my judgment of the contestants" |
| ~ human action, human activity, act, deed | something that people do or cause to happen. |
| ~ justice | judgment involved in the determination of rights and the assignment of rewards and punishments. |
| ~ adjudication | the final judgment in a legal proceeding; the act of pronouncing judgment based on the evidence presented. |
| ~ disapproval | the act of disapproving or condemning. |
| ~ evaluation, rating | act of ascertaining or fixing the value or worth of. |
| ~ estimate, estimation | a judgment of the qualities of something or somebody.; "many factors are involved in any estimate of human life"; "in my estimation the boy is innocent" |
| ~ logistic assessment | a judgment of the logistic support required for some particular military operation. |
| ~ value judgement, value judgment | an assessment that reveals more about the values of the person making the assessment than about the reality of what is assessed. |
| conclude | | |
| v. (cognition) | 1. conclude, reason, reason out | decide by reasoning; draw or come to a conclusion.; "We reasoned that it was cheaper to rent than to buy a house" |
| ~ cerebrate, cogitate, think | use or exercise the mind or one's power of reason in order to make inferences, decisions, or arrive at a solution or judgments.; "I've been thinking all day and getting nowhere" |
| ~ induce | reason or establish by induction. |
| ~ deduce, derive, infer, deduct | reason by deduction; establish by deduction. |
| ~ syllogise, syllogize | reason by syllogisms. |
| ~ feel, find | come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds.; "I feel that he doesn't like me"; "I find him to be obnoxious"; "I found the movie rather entertaining" |
| ~ deduce, infer | conclude by reasoning; in logic. |
| ~ gather | conclude from evidence.; "I gather you have not done your homework" |
| ~ extrapolate, generalize, generalise, infer | draw from specific cases for more general cases. |
| v. (cognition) | 2. conclude | bring to a close.; "The committee concluded the meeting" |
| ~ terminate, end | bring to an end or halt.; "She ended their friendship when she found out that he had once been convicted of a crime"; "The attack on Poland terminated the relatively peaceful period after WW I" |
| ~ perorate | conclude a speech with a formal recapitulation. |
| v. (communication) | 3. conclude, resolve | reach a conclusion after a discussion or deliberation. |
| ~ square off, settle, square up, determine | settle conclusively; come to terms.; "We finally settled the argument" |
| ~ agree, concur, concord, hold | be in accord; be in agreement.; "We agreed on the terms of the settlement"; "I can't agree with you!"; "I hold with those who say life is sacred"; "Both philosophers concord on this point" |
| v. (stative) | 4. close, conclude | come to a close.; "The concert closed with a nocturne by Chopin" |
| ~ end, cease, terminate, finish, stop | have an end, in a temporal, spatial, or quantitative sense; either spatial or metaphorical.; "the bronchioles terminate in a capillary bed"; "Your rights stop where you infringe upon the rights of other"; "My property ends by the bushes"; "The symphony ends in a pianissimo" |
| v. (communication) | 5. conclude | reach agreement on.; "They concluded an economic agreement"; "We concluded a cease-fire" |
| ~ agree | achieve harmony of opinion, feeling, or purpose.; "No two of my colleagues would agree on whom to elect chairman" |
| decide | | |
| v. (cognition) | 1. decide, determine, make up one's mind | reach, make, or come to a decision about something.; "We finally decided after lengthy deliberations" |
| ~ measure, measure out, mensurate | determine the measurements of something or somebody, take measurements of.; "Measure the length of the wall" |
| ~ choose, pick out, select, take | pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives.; "Take any one of these cards"; "Choose a good husband for your daughter"; "She selected a pair of shoes from among the dozen the salesgirl had shown her" |
| ~ will | determine by choice.; "This action was willed and intended" |
| ~ seal | decide irrevocably.; "sealing dooms" |
| ~ purpose, resolve | reach a decision.; "he resolved never to drink again" |
| ~ decree, rule | decide with authority.; "The King decreed that all firstborn males should be killed" |
| ~ deliberate, debate | discuss the pros and cons of an issue. |
| ~ orientate, orient | determine one's position with reference to another point.; "We had to orient ourselves in the forest" |
| ~ adjudicate, try, judge | put on trial or hear a case and sit as the judge at the trial of.; "The football star was tried for the murder of his wife"; "The judge tried both father and son in separate trials" |
| ~ govern, regularise, regularize, regulate, order | bring into conformity with rules or principles or usage; impose regulations.; "We cannot regulate the way people dress"; "This town likes to regulate" |
| v. (cognition) | 2. adjudicate, decide, resolve, settle | bring to an end; settle conclusively.; "The case was decided"; "The judge decided the case in favor of the plaintiff"; "The father adjudicated when the sons were quarreling over their inheritance" |
| ~ terminate, end | bring to an end or halt.; "She ended their friendship when she found out that he had once been convicted of a crime"; "The attack on Poland terminated the relatively peaceful period after WW I" |
| ~ judge | determine the result of (a competition). |
| ~ adjust | decide how much is to be paid on an insurance claim. |
| v. (cognition) | 3. decide | cause to decide.; "This new development finally decided me!" |
| ~ decide, make up one's mind, determine | reach, make, or come to a decision about something.; "We finally decided after lengthy deliberations" |
| ~ cause, induce, stimulate, make, get, have | cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner.; "The ads induced me to buy a VCR"; "My children finally got me to buy a computer"; "My wife made me buy a new sofa" |
| v. (cognition) | 4. decide | influence or determine.; "The vote in New Hampshire often decides the outcome of the Presidential election" |
| ~ shape, determine, influence, regulate, mold | shape or influence; give direction to.; "experience often determines ability"; "mold public opinion" |
| sentence | | |
| n. (communication) | 1. sentence | a string of words satisfying the grammatical rules of a language.; "he always spoke in grammatical sentences" |
| ~ simple sentence | a sentence having no coordinate clauses or subordinate clauses. |
| ~ complex sentence | a sentence composed of at least one main clause and one subordinate clause. |
| ~ compound sentence | a sentence composed of at least two coordinate independent clauses. |
| ~ grammatical constituent, constituent | (grammar) a word or phrase or clause forming part of a larger grammatical construction. |
| ~ clause | (grammar) an expression including a subject and predicate but not constituting a complete sentence. |
| ~ declarative sentence, declaratory sentence | a sentence (in the indicative mood) that makes a declaration. |
| ~ run-on sentence | an ungrammatical sentence in which two or more independent clauses are conjoined without a conjunction. |
| ~ topic sentence | a sentence that states the topic of its paragraph. |
| ~ linguistic string, string of words, word string | a linear sequence of words as spoken or written. |
| ~ interrogation, interrogative, interrogative sentence, question | a sentence of inquiry that asks for a reply.; "he asked a direct question"; "he had trouble phrasing his interrogations" |
| n. (act) | 2. condemnation, conviction, judgment of conviction, sentence | (criminal law) a final judgment of guilty in a criminal case and the punishment that is imposed.; "the conviction came as no surprise" |
| ~ final decision, final judgment | a judgment disposing of the case before the court; after the judgment (or an appeal from it) is rendered all that remains is to enforce the judgment. |
| ~ murder conviction | conviction for murder. |
| ~ rape conviction | conviction for rape. |
| ~ robbery conviction | conviction for robbery. |
| ~ criminal law | the body of law dealing with crimes and their punishment. |
| n. (time) | 3. prison term, sentence, time | the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned.; "he served a prison term of 15 months"; "his sentence was 5 to 10 years"; "he is doing time in the county jail" |
| ~ term | a limited period of time.; "a prison term"; "he left school before the end of term" |
| ~ hard time | a term served in a maximum security prison. |
| ~ life sentence, life | a prison term lasting as long as the prisoner lives.; "he got life for killing the guard" |
| v. (communication) | 4. condemn, doom, sentence | pronounce a sentence on (somebody) in a court of law.; "He was condemned to ten years in prison" |
| ~ law, jurisprudence | the collection of rules imposed by authority.; "civilization presupposes respect for the law"; "the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order" |
| ~ convict | find or declare guilty.; "The man was convicted of fraud and sentenced" |
| ~ foredoom | doom beforehand. |
| ~ declare | state emphatically and authoritatively.; "He declared that he needed more money to carry out the task he was charged with" |
| ~ reprobate | abandon to eternal damnation.; "God reprobated the unrepenting sinner" |
| verdict | | |
| n. (act) | 1. finding of fact, verdict | (law) the findings of a jury on issues of fact submitted to it for decision; can be used in formulating a judgment. |
| ~ finding | the decision of a court on issues of fact or law. |
| ~ compromise verdict | a verdict resulting from improper compromises between jurors on material issues. |
| ~ directed verdict | a verdict entered by the court in a jury trial without consideration by the jury.; "there cannot be a directed verdict of guilty in a criminal trial" |
| ~ false verdict | a manifestly unjust verdict; not true to the evidence. |
| ~ general verdict | an ordinary verdict declaring which party prevails without any special findings of fact. |
| ~ partial verdict | (criminal law) a finding that the defendant is guilty of some charges but innocent of others. |
| ~ special verdict | a verdict rendered on certain specific factual issues posed by the court without finding for one party or the other. |
| ~ law, jurisprudence | the collection of rules imposed by authority.; "civilization presupposes respect for the law"; "the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order" |
| judge | | |
| n. (person) | 1. judge, jurist, justice | a public official authorized to decide questions brought before a court of justice. |
| ~ adjudicator | a person who studies and settles conflicts and disputes. |
| ~ alcalde | a mayor or chief magistrate of a Spanish town. |
| ~ chief justice | the judge who presides over a supreme court. |
| ~ daniel | a wise and upright judge.; "a Daniel come to judgment" |
| ~ doge | formerly the chief magistrate in the republics of Venice and Genoa. |
| ~ justiciar, justiciary | formerly a high judicial officer. |
| ~ magistrate | a lay judge or civil authority who administers the law (especially one who conducts a court dealing with minor offenses). |
| ~ functionary, official | a worker who holds or is invested with an office. |
| ~ ordinary | a judge of a probate court. |
| ~ praetor, pretor | an annually elected magistrate of the ancient Roman Republic. |
| ~ qadi | an Islamic judge. |
| ~ recorder | a barrister or solicitor who serves as part-time judge in towns or boroughs. |
| ~ trial judge | a judge in a trial court. |
| ~ trier | one (as a judge) who examines and settles a case. |
| ~ samson | (Old Testament) a judge of Israel who performed herculean feats of strength against the Philistines until he was betrayed to them by his mistress Delilah. |
| n. (person) | 2. evaluator, judge | an authority who is able to estimate worth or quality. |
| ~ appraiser, valuator | one who estimates officially the worth or value or quality of things. |
| ~ arbitrator, arbiter, umpire | someone chosen to judge and decide a disputed issue.; "the critic was considered to be an arbiter of modern literature"; "the arbitrator's authority derived from the consent of the disputants"; "an umpire was appointed to settle the tax case" |
| ~ authority | an expert whose views are taken as definitive.; "he is an authority on corporate law" |
| ~ critic | anyone who expresses a reasoned judgment of something. |
| v. (cognition) | 3. judge | determine the result of (a competition). |
| ~ resolve, adjudicate, decide, settle | bring to an end; settle conclusively.; "The case was decided"; "The judge decided the case in favor of the plaintiff"; "The father adjudicated when the sons were quarreling over their inheritance" |
| ~ referee, umpire | be a referee or umpire in a sports competition. |
| v. (cognition) | 4. evaluate, judge, pass judgment | form a critical opinion of.; "I cannot judge some works of modern art"; "How do you evaluate this grant proposal?"; "We shouldn't pass judgment on other people" |
| ~ cerebrate, cogitate, think | use or exercise the mind or one's power of reason in order to make inferences, decisions, or arrive at a solution or judgments.; "I've been thinking all day and getting nowhere" |
| ~ grade, rate, rank, place, range, order | assign a rank or rating to.; "how would you rank these students?"; "The restaurant is rated highly in the food guide" |
| ~ stand | have or maintain a position or stand on an issue.; "Where do you stand on the War?" |
| ~ approve | judge to be right or commendable; think well of. |
| ~ disapprove | consider bad or wrong. |
| ~ choose | see fit or proper to act in a certain way; decide to act in a certain way.; "She chose not to attend classes and now she failed the exam" |
| ~ prejudge | judge beforehand, especially without sufficient evidence. |
| ~ appraise, assess, evaluate, valuate, measure, value | evaluate or estimate the nature, quality, ability, extent, or significance of.; "I will have the family jewels appraised by a professional"; "access all the factors when taking a risk" |
| ~ reappraise | appraise anew.; "Homes in our town are reappraised every five years and taxes are increased accordingly" |
| ~ reject | refuse to accept or acknowledge.; "I reject the idea of starting a war"; "The journal rejected the student's paper" |
| ~ accept | consider or hold as true.; "I cannot accept the dogma of this church"; "accept an argument" |
| ~ think, believe, conceive, consider | judge or regard; look upon; judge.; "I think he is very smart"; "I believe her to be very smart"; "I think that he is her boyfriend"; "The racist conceives such people to be inferior" |
| ~ count on, figure, calculate, estimate, forecast, reckon | judge to be probable. |
| ~ anticipate, expect | regard something as probable or likely.; "The meteorologists are expecting rain for tomorrow" |
| ~ ascribe, attribute, impute, assign | attribute or credit to.; "We attributed this quotation to Shakespeare"; "People impute great cleverness to cats" |
| ~ attribute, assign | decide as to where something belongs in a scheme.; "The biologist assigned the mushroom to the proper class" |
| ~ disapprove, reject | deem wrong or inappropriate.; "I disapprove of her child rearing methods" |
| ~ adjudge, declare, hold | declare to be.; "She was declared incompetent"; "judge held that the defendant was innocent" |
| ~ critique, review | appraise critically.; "She reviews books for the New York Times"; "Please critique this performance" |
| ~ fail | judge unacceptable.; "The teacher failed six students" |
| ~ pass | accept or judge as acceptable.; "The teacher passed the student although he was weak" |
| ~ test, try out, essay, try, examine, prove | put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to.; "This approach has been tried with good results"; "Test this recipe" |
| v. (cognition) | 5. approximate, estimate, gauge, guess, judge | judge tentatively or form an estimate of (quantities or time).; "I estimate this chicken to weigh three pounds" |
| ~ calculate, compute, cipher, cypher, figure, reckon, work out | make a mathematical calculation or computation. |
| ~ quantise, quantize | approximate (a signal varying continuously in amplitude) by one whose amplitude is restricted to a prescribed set of discrete values. |
| ~ misgauge | gauge something incorrectly or improperly. |
| ~ put, place, set | estimate.; "We put the time of arrival at 8 P.M." |
| ~ give | estimate the duration or outcome of something.; "He gave the patient three months to live"; "I gave him a very good chance at success" |
| ~ lowball, underestimate | make a deliberately low estimate.; "The construction company wanted the contract badly and lowballed" |
| ~ assess | estimate the value of (property) for taxation.; "Our house hasn't been assessed in years" |
| ~ make | calculate as being.; "I make the height about 100 feet" |
| ~ reckon, count | take account of.; "You have to reckon with our opponents"; "Count on the monsoon" |
| ~ truncate | approximate by ignoring all terms beyond a chosen one.; "truncate a series" |
| ~ guesstimate | estimate based on a calculation. |
| v. (communication) | 6. judge, label, pronounce | pronounce judgment on.; "They labeled him unfit to work here" |
| ~ adjudge, declare, hold | declare to be.; "She was declared incompetent"; "judge held that the defendant was innocent" |
| ~ acquit, assoil, exculpate, exonerate, discharge, clear | pronounce not guilty of criminal charges.; "The suspect was cleared of the murder charges" |
| ~ convict | find or declare guilty.; "The man was convicted of fraud and sentenced" |
| ~ tout | advertize in strongly positive terms.; "This product was touted as a revolutionary invention" |
| ~ rule, find | decide on and make a declaration about.; "find someone guilty" |
| ~ qualify | pronounce fit or able.; "She was qualified to run the marathon"; "They nurses were qualified to administer the injections" |
| ~ disqualify | declare unfit.; "She was disqualified for the Olympics because she was a professional athlete" |
| ~ intonate, intone | speak carefully, as with rising and falling pitch or in a particular tone.; "please intonate with sadness" |
| v. (social) | 7. adjudicate, judge, try | put on trial or hear a case and sit as the judge at the trial of.; "The football star was tried for the murder of his wife"; "The judge tried both father and son in separate trials" |
| ~ decide, make up one's mind, determine | reach, make, or come to a decision about something.; "We finally decided after lengthy deliberations" |
| ~ court-martial | subject to trial by court-martial. |
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