| punishment | | |
| n. (act) | 1. penalisation, penalization, penalty, punishment | the act of punishing. |
| ~ social control | control exerted (actively or passively) by group action. |
| ~ chastisement, castigation | verbal punishment. |
| ~ corporal punishment | the infliction of physical injury on someone convicted of committing a crime. |
| ~ cruel and unusual punishment | punishment prohibited by the 8th amendment to the U.S. Constitution; includes torture or degradation or punishment too severe for the crime committed. |
| ~ detention | a punishment in which a student must stay at school after others have gone home.; "the detention of tardy pupils" |
| ~ discipline, correction | the act of punishing.; "the offenders deserved the harsh discipline they received" |
| ~ economic strangulation | punishment of a group by cutting off commercial dealings with them.; "the economic strangulation of the Jews by the Nazi Party" |
| ~ imprisonment | putting someone in prison or in jail as lawful punishment. |
| ~ medicine, music | punishment for one's actions.; "you have to face the music"; "take your medicine" |
| ~ self-punishment | punishment inflicted on yourself. |
| ~ stick | threat of a penalty.; "the policy so far is all stick and no carrot" |
| ~ self-abasement, self-mortification, penance | voluntary self-punishment in order to atone for some wrongdoing. |
| condemn | | |
| v. (communication) | 1. condemn, decry, excoriate, objurgate, reprobate | express strong disapproval of.; "We condemn the racism in South Africa"; "These ideas were reprobated" |
| ~ denounce | speak out against.; "He denounced the Nazis" |
| v. (communication) | 2. condemn | declare or judge unfit for use or habitation.; "The building was condemned by the inspector" |
| ~ pass judgment, evaluate, judge | form a critical opinion of.; "I cannot judge some works of modern art"; "How do you evaluate this grant proposal?"; "We shouldn't pass judgment on other people" |
| ~ boo, hiss | show displeasure, as after a performance or speech. |
| ~ explode | drive from the stage by noisy disapproval. |
| ~ declare | state emphatically and authoritatively.; "He declared that he needed more money to carry out the task he was charged with" |
| v. (social) | 3. condemn | compel or force into a particular state or activity.; "His devotion to his sick wife condemned him to a lonely existence" |
| ~ compel, obligate, oblige | force somebody to do something.; "We compel all students to fill out this form" |
| v. (perception) | 4. condemn | demonstrate the guilt of (someone).; "Her strange behavior condemned her" |
| ~ attest, certify, evidence, manifest, demonstrate | provide evidence for; stand as proof of; show by one's behavior, attitude, or external attributes.; "His high fever attested to his illness"; "The buildings in Rome manifest a high level of architectural sophistication"; "This decision demonstrates his sense of fairness" |
| ~ attaint | condemn by attainder.; "the man was attainted" |
| v. (communication) | 5. condemn, doom, sentence | pronounce a sentence on (somebody) in a court of law.; "He was condemned to ten years in prison" |
| ~ law, jurisprudence | the collection of rules imposed by authority.; "civilization presupposes respect for the law"; "the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order" |
| ~ convict | find or declare guilty.; "The man was convicted of fraud and sentenced" |
| ~ foredoom | doom beforehand. |
| ~ declare | state emphatically and authoritatively.; "He declared that he needed more money to carry out the task he was charged with" |
| ~ reprobate | abandon to eternal damnation.; "God reprobated the unrepenting sinner" |
| v. (possession) | 6. condemn | appropriate (property) for public use.; "the county condemned the land to build a highway" |
| ~ confiscate, impound, sequester, seize, attach | take temporary possession of as a security, by legal authority.; "The FBI seized the drugs"; "The customs agents impounded the illegal shipment"; "The police confiscated the stolen artwork" |
| penalize | | |
| v. (social) | 1. penalise, penalize, punish | impose a penalty on; inflict punishment on.; "The students were penalized for showing up late for class"; "we had to punish the dog for soiling the floor again" |
| ~ estimate, gauge, approximate, guess, judge | judge tentatively or form an estimate of (quantities or time).; "I estimate this chicken to weigh three pounds" |
| ~ avenge, retaliate, revenge | take revenge for a perceived wrong.; "He wants to avenge the murder of his brother" |
| ~ tar-and-feather | smear the body of (someone) with tar and feathers; done in some societies as punishment.; "The thief was tarred and feathered" |
| ~ execute, put to death | kill as a means of socially sanctioned punishment.; "In some states, criminals are executed" |
| ~ pillory | punish by putting in a pillory. |
| ~ castigate | inflict severe punishment on. |
| ~ amerce | punish with an arbitrary penalty. |
| ~ victimise, victimize | punish unjustly. |
| ~ scourge | punish severely; excoriate. |
| ~ discipline, sort out, correct | punish in order to gain control or enforce obedience.; "The teacher disciplined the pupils rather frequently" |
| sentence | | |
| n. (communication) | 1. sentence | a string of words satisfying the grammatical rules of a language.; "he always spoke in grammatical sentences" |
| ~ simple sentence | a sentence having no coordinate clauses or subordinate clauses. |
| ~ complex sentence | a sentence composed of at least one main clause and one subordinate clause. |
| ~ compound sentence | a sentence composed of at least two coordinate independent clauses. |
| ~ grammatical constituent, constituent | (grammar) a word or phrase or clause forming part of a larger grammatical construction. |
| ~ clause | (grammar) an expression including a subject and predicate but not constituting a complete sentence. |
| ~ declarative sentence, declaratory sentence | a sentence (in the indicative mood) that makes a declaration. |
| ~ run-on sentence | an ungrammatical sentence in which two or more independent clauses are conjoined without a conjunction. |
| ~ topic sentence | a sentence that states the topic of its paragraph. |
| ~ linguistic string, string of words, word string | a linear sequence of words as spoken or written. |
| ~ interrogation, interrogative, interrogative sentence, question | a sentence of inquiry that asks for a reply.; "he asked a direct question"; "he had trouble phrasing his interrogations" |
| n. (act) | 2. condemnation, conviction, judgment of conviction, sentence | (criminal law) a final judgment of guilty in a criminal case and the punishment that is imposed.; "the conviction came as no surprise" |
| ~ final decision, final judgment | a judgment disposing of the case before the court; after the judgment (or an appeal from it) is rendered all that remains is to enforce the judgment. |
| ~ murder conviction | conviction for murder. |
| ~ rape conviction | conviction for rape. |
| ~ robbery conviction | conviction for robbery. |
| ~ criminal law | the body of law dealing with crimes and their punishment. |
| n. (time) | 3. prison term, sentence, time | the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned.; "he served a prison term of 15 months"; "his sentence was 5 to 10 years"; "he is doing time in the county jail" |
| ~ term | a limited period of time.; "a prison term"; "he left school before the end of term" |
| ~ hard time | a term served in a maximum security prison. |
| ~ life sentence, life | a prison term lasting as long as the prisoner lives.; "he got life for killing the guard" |
| conviction | | |
| n. (cognition) | 1. article of faith, conviction, strong belief | an unshakable belief in something without need for proof or evidence. |
| ~ belief | any cognitive content held as true. |
| ~ amateurism | the conviction that people should participate in sports as a hobby (for the fun of it) rather than for money. |
| penalty | | |
| n. (possession) | 1. penalty | a payment required for not fulfilling a contract. |
| ~ payment | a sum of money paid or a claim discharged. |
| ~ requital, retribution | a justly deserved penalty. |
| ~ forfeit, forfeiture | a penalty for a fault or mistake that involves losing or giving up something.; "the contract specified forfeits if the work was not completed on time" |
| ~ amercement, fine, mulct | money extracted as a penalty. |
| n. (attribute) | 2. penalty | the disadvantage or painful consequences of an action or condition.; "neglected his health and paid the penalty" |
| ~ disadvantage | the quality of having an inferior or less favorable position. |
| n. (attribute) | 3. penalty | (games) a handicap or disadvantage that is imposed on a competitor (or a team) for an infraction of the rules of the game. |
| ~ game | a contest with rules to determine a winner.; "you need four people to play this game" |
| ~ handicap | advantage given to a competitor to equalize chances of winning. |
| ~ game misconduct | (ice hockey) a penalty that suspends a player for the remainder of a game (but allows the team to send in a substitute for the suspended player). |
| retribution | | |
| n. (possession) | 1. requital, retribution | a justly deserved penalty. |
| ~ penalty | a payment required for not fulfilling a contract. |
| n. (act) | 2. retribution | the act of correcting for your wrongdoing. |
| ~ correction, rectification | the act of offering an improvement to replace a mistake; setting right. |
| n. (act) | 3. payback, retribution, vengeance | the act of taking revenge (harming someone in retaliation for something harmful that they have done) especially in the next life.; "Vengeance is mine; I will repay, saith the Lord"; "For vengeance I would do nothing. This nation is too great to look for mere revenge"; "he swore vengeance on the man who betrayed him"; "the swiftness of divine retribution" |
| ~ retaliation, revenge | action taken in return for an injury or offense. |
| punish | | |
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