| carbohydrate | | |
| n. (substance) | 1. carbohydrate, saccharide, sugar | an essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals; includes simple sugars with small molecules as well as macromolecular substances; are classified according to the number of monosaccharide groups they contain. |
| ~ ribose | a pentose sugar important as a component of ribonucleic acid. |
| ~ beet sugar | sugar made from sugar beets. |
| ~ cane sugar | sucrose obtained from sugar cane. |
| ~ deoxyribose | a sugar that is a constituent of nucleic acids. |
| ~ invert sugar | a mixture of equal parts of glucose and fructose resulting from the hydrolysis of sucrose; found naturally in fruits; sweeter than glucose. |
| ~ macromolecule, supermolecule | any very large complex molecule; found only in plants and animals. |
| ~ maple sugar | sugar made from the sap of the sugar maple tree. |
| ~ monosaccharide, monosaccharose, simple sugar | a sugar (like sucrose or fructose) that does not hydrolyse to give other sugars; the simplest group of carbohydrates. |
| ~ oligosaccharide | any of the carbohydrates that yield only a few monosaccharide molecules on complete hydrolysis. |
| ~ polyose, polysaccharide | any of a class of carbohydrates whose molecules contain chains of monosaccharide molecules. |
| ~ jaggary, jaggery, jagghery | unrefined brown sugar made from palm sap. |
| ~ wood sugar, xylose | a sugar extracted from wood or straw; used in foods for diabetics. |
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