| paragon | | |
| n. (cognition) | 1. beau ideal, idol, paragon, perfection | an ideal instance; a perfect embodiment of a concept. |
| ~ ideal | the idea of something that is perfect; something that one hopes to attain. |
| ~ gold standard | a paragon of excellence.; "academic education is the gold standard against which other educational activity is pejoratively judged" |
| n. (person) | 2. apotheosis, ideal, nonesuch, nonpareil, nonsuch, paragon, saint | model of excellence or perfection of a kind; one having no equal. |
| ~ crackerjack, jimdandy, jimhickey | someone excellent of their kind.; "he's a jimdandy of a soldier" |
| ~ role model, model | someone worthy of imitation.; "every child needs a role model" |
| ~ class act | someone who shows impressive and stylish excellence. |
| ~ humdinger | someone of remarkable excellence.; "a humdinger of a secretary" |
| standard | | |
| n. (communication) | 1. criterion, measure, standard, touchstone | a basis for comparison; a reference point against which other things can be evaluated.; "the schools comply with federal standards"; "they set the measure for all subsequent work" |
| ~ benchmark | a standard by which something can be measured or judged.; "his painting sets the benchmark of quality" |
| ~ earned run average, era | (baseball) a measure of a pitcher's effectiveness; calculated as the average number of earned runs allowed by the pitcher for every nine innings pitched. |
| ~ gpa, grade point average | a measure of a student's academic achievement at a college or university; calculated by dividing the total number of grade points received by the total number attempted. |
| ~ procrustean bed, procrustean rule, procrustean standard | a standard that is enforced uniformly without regard to individuality. |
| ~ yardstick | a measure or standard used for comparison.; "on what kind of yardstick is he basing his judgment?" |
| ~ medium of exchange, monetary system | anything that is generally accepted as a standard of value and a measure of wealth in a particular country or region. |
| ~ system of measurement, metric | a system of related measures that facilitates the quantification of some particular characteristic. |
| ~ graduated table, ordered series, scale, scale of measurement | an ordered reference standard.; "judging on a scale of 1 to 10" |
| ~ standard of measurement, gauge | accepted or approved instance or example of a quantity or quality against which others are judged or measured or compared. |
| ~ baseline | an imaginary line or standard by which things are measured or compared.; "the established a baseline for the budget" |
| ~ norm | a standard or model or pattern regarded as typical.; "the current middle-class norm of two children per family" |
| n. (cognition) | 2. criterion, standard | the ideal in terms of which something can be judged.; "they live by the standards of their community" |
| ~ control condition, control | a standard against which other conditions can be compared in a scientific experiment.; "the control condition was inappropriate for the conclusions he wished to draw" |
| ~ ideal | the idea of something that is perfect; something that one hopes to attain. |
| ~ design criteria | criteria that designers should meet in designing some system or device.; "the job specifications summarized the design criteria" |
| n. (quantity) | 3. standard | a board measure = 1980 board feet. |
| ~ capacity measure, capacity unit, cubage unit, cubature unit, cubic content unit, cubic measure, displacement unit, volume unit | a unit of measurement of volume or capacity. |
| n. (possession) | 4. monetary standard, standard | the value behind the money in a monetary system. |
| ~ value | the quality (positive or negative) that renders something desirable or valuable.; "the Shakespearean Shylock is of dubious value in the modern world" |
| ~ gold standard | a monetary standard under which the basic unit of currency is defined by a stated quantity of gold. |
| ~ silver standard | a monetary standard under which the basic unit of currency is defined by a stated quantity of silver. |
| ~ bimetallism | a monetary standard under which the basic unit of currency is defined by stated amounts of two metals (usually gold and silver) with values set at a predetermined ratio. |
| n. (artifact) | 5. standard | an upright pole or beam (especially one used as a support).; "distance was marked by standards every mile"; "lamps supported on standards provided illumination" |
| ~ post | an upright consisting of a piece of timber or metal fixed firmly in an upright position.; "he set a row of posts in the ground and strung barbwire between them" |
| n. (artifact) | 6. banner, standard | any distinctive flag. |
| ~ flag | emblem usually consisting of a rectangular piece of cloth of distinctive design. |
| ~ oriflamme | a red or orange-red flag used as a standard by early French kings. |
| adj. | 7. standard | conforming to or constituting a standard of measurement or value; or of the usual or regularized or accepted kind.; "windows of standard width"; "standard sizes"; "the standard fixtures"; "standard brands"; "standard operating procedure" |
| ~ normal | conforming with or constituting a norm or standard or level or type or social norm; not abnormal.; "serve wine at normal room temperature"; "normal diplomatic relations"; "normal working hours"; "normal word order"; "normal curiosity"; "the normal course of events" |
| ~ modular | constructed with standardized units or dimensions allowing flexibility and variety in use.; "modular furniture"; "modular homes" |
| ~ regular | conforming to a standard or pattern.; "following the regular procedure of the legislature"; "a regular electrical outlet" |
| ~ regulation | prescribed by or according to regulation.; "regulation army equipment" |
| ~ standardised, standardized | brought into conformity with a standard.; "standardized education" |
| ~ stock | routine.; "a stock answer" |
| adj. | 8. standard | commonly used or supplied.; "standard procedure"; "standard car equipment" |
| ~ common | having no special distinction or quality; widely known or commonly encountered; average or ordinary or usual.; "the common man"; "a common sailor"; "the common cold"; "a common nuisance"; "followed common procedure"; "it is common knowledge that she lives alone"; "the common housefly"; "a common brand of soap" |
| adj. | 9. standard | established or well-known or widely recognized as a model of authority or excellence.; "a standard reference work"; "the classical argument between free trade and protectionism" |
| ~ orthodox | adhering to what is commonly accepted.; "an orthodox view of the world" |
| ~ classic, authoritative, classical, definitive | of recognized authority or excellence.; "the definitive work on Greece"; "classical methods of navigation" |
| ~ basic, canonic, canonical | reduced to the simplest and most significant form possible without loss of generality.; "a basic story line"; "a canonical syllable pattern" |
| ~ casebook, textbook | according to or characteristic of a casebook or textbook; typical.; "a casebook schizophrenic"; "a textbook example" |
| ~ criterial, criterional | serving as a basis for evaluation. |
| adj. | 10. received, standard | conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers.; "standard English"; "received standard English is sometimes called the King's English" |
| ~ linguistics | the scientific study of language. |
| ~ acceptable | judged to be in conformity with approved usage.; "acceptable English usage" |
| ~ classical | (language) having the form used by ancient standard authors.; "classical Greek" |
| adj. | 11. standard, stock | regularly and widely used or sold.; "a standard size"; "a stock item" |
| ~ regular | in accordance with fixed order or procedure or principle.; "his regular calls on his customers"; "regular meals"; "regular duties" |
| exemplify | | |
| v. (stative) | 1. exemplify, represent | be characteristic of.; "This compositional style is exemplified by this fugue" |
| ~ embody, personify, be | represent, as of a character on stage.; "Derek Jacobi was Hamlet" |
| v. (communication) | 2. exemplify, illustrate, instance | clarify by giving an example of. |
| ~ elaborate, expatiate, expound, lucubrate, dilate, exposit, flesh out, enlarge, expand | add details, as to an account or idea; clarify the meaning of and discourse in a learned way, usually in writing.; "She elaborated on the main ideas in her dissertation" |
| such | | |
| adj. | 1. such | of so extreme a degree or extent.; "such weeping"; "so much weeping"; "such a help"; "such grief"; "never dreamed of such beauty" |
| ~ much | (quantifier used with mass nouns) great in quantity or degree or extent.; "not much rain"; "much affection"; "much grain is in storage" |
| adv. | 2. such | to so extreme a degree.; "he is such a baby"; "Such rich people!" |
| ~ intensifier, intensive | a modifier that has little meaning except to intensify the meaning it modifies.; "`up' in `finished up' is an intensifier"; "`honestly' in `I honestly don't know' is an intensifier" |
| thus | | |
| n. (substance) | 1. frankincense, gum olibanum, olibanum, thus | an aromatic gum resin obtained from various Arabian or East African trees; formerly valued for worship and for embalming and fumigation. |
| ~ gum | any of various substances (soluble in water) that exude from certain plants; they are gelatinous when moist but harden on drying. |
| adv. | 2. hence, so, thence, therefore, thus | (used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result.; "therefore X must be true"; "the eggs were fresh and hence satisfactory"; "we were young and thence optimistic"; "it is late and thus we must go"; "the witness is biased and so cannot be trusted" |
| adv. | 3. so, thus, thusly | in the way indicated.; "hold the brush so"; "set up the pieces thus" |
| say | | |
| n. (state) | 1. say | the chance to speak.; "let him have his say" |
| ~ chance, opportunity | a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances.; "the holiday gave us the opportunity to visit Washington"; "now is your chance" |
| v. (communication) | 2. say, state, tell | express in words.; "He said that he wanted to marry her"; "tell me what is bothering you"; "state your opinion"; "state your name" |
| ~ present, lay out, represent | bring forward and present to the mind.; "We presented the arguments to him"; "We cannot represent this knowledge to our formal reason" |
| ~ misstate | state something incorrectly.; "You misstated my position" |
| ~ answer, reply, respond | react verbally.; "She didn't want to answer"; "answer the question"; "We answered that we would accept the invitation" |
| ~ preface, premise, precede, introduce | furnish with a preface or introduction.; "She always precedes her lectures with a joke"; "He prefaced his lecture with a critical remark about the institution" |
| ~ give tongue to, utter, express, verbalise, verbalize | articulate; either verbally or with a cry, shout, or noise.; "She expressed her anger"; "He uttered a curse" |
| ~ announce, declare | announce publicly or officially.; "The President declared war" |
| ~ enunciate, vocalise, vocalize, articulate | express or state clearly. |
| ~ say | state as one's opinion or judgement; declare.; "I say let's forget this whole business" |
| ~ get out | express with difficulty.; "I managed to get out a few words" |
| ~ declare | state emphatically and authoritatively.; "He declared that he needed more money to carry out the task he was charged with" |
| ~ declare | make a declaration (of dutiable goods) to a customs official.; "Do you have anything to declare?" |
| ~ note, remark, mention, observe | make mention of.; "She observed that his presentation took up too much time"; "They noted that it was a fine day to go sailing" |
| ~ add, append, supply | state or say further.; "`It doesn't matter,' he supplied" |
| ~ explain | define.; "The committee explained their plan for fund-raising to the Dean" |
| ~ give | convey or reveal information.; "Give one's name" |
| ~ sum, summarise, sum up, summarize | be a summary of.; "The abstract summarizes the main ideas in the paper" |
| v. (communication) | 3. allege, aver, say | report or maintain.; "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime"; "He said it was too late to intervene in the war"; "The registrar says that I owe the school money" |
| ~ plead | make an allegation in an action or other legal proceeding, especially answer the previous pleading of the other party by denying facts therein stated or by alleging new facts. |
| ~ assert, asseverate, maintain | state categorically. |
| v. (communication) | 4. say, suppose | express a supposition.; "Let us say that he did not tell the truth"; "Let's say you had a lot of money--what would you do?" |
| ~ speculate | talk over conjecturally, or review in an idle or casual way and with an element of doubt or without sufficient reason to reach a conclusion.; "We were speculating whether the President had to resign after the scandal" |
| v. (stative) | 5. read, say | have or contain a certain wording or form.; "The passage reads as follows"; "What does the law say?" |
| ~ read | interpret something that is written or printed.; "read the advertisement"; "Have you read Salman Rushdie?" |
| ~ feature, have | have as a feature.; "This restaurant features the most famous chefs in France" |
| v. (communication) | 6. enjoin, order, say, tell | give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority.; "I said to him to go home"; "She ordered him to do the shopping"; "The mother told the child to get dressed" |
| ~ direct | command with authority.; "He directed the children to do their homework" |
| ~ instruct | give instructions or directions for some task.; "She instructed the students to work on their pronunciation" |
| ~ command, require | make someone do something. |
| ~ request | ask (a person) to do something.; "She asked him to be here at noon"; "I requested that she type the entire manuscript" |
| ~ send for, call | order, request, or command to come.; "She was called into the director's office"; "Call the police!" |
| ~ warn | ask to go away.; "The old man warned the children off his property" |
| v. (communication) | 7. articulate, enounce, enunciate, pronounce, say, sound out | speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way.; "She pronounces French words in a funny way"; "I cannot say `zip wire'"; "Can the child sound out this complicated word?" |
| ~ twang | pronounce with a nasal twang. |
| ~ mouth, speak, talk, verbalise, verbalize, utter | express in speech.; "She talks a lot of nonsense"; "This depressed patient does not verbalize" |
| ~ devoice | utter with tense vocal chords. |
| ~ raise | pronounce (vowels) by bringing the tongue closer to the roof of the mouth.; "raise your `o'" |
| ~ lilt | articulate in a very careful and rhythmic way. |
| ~ palatalise, palatalize | pronounce a consonant with the tongue against the palate. |
| ~ nasalise, nasalize | pronounce with a lowered velum.; "She nasalizes all her vowels" |
| ~ nasalise, nasalize | speak nasally or through the nose.; "In this part of the country, people tend to nasalize" |
| ~ mispronounce, misspeak | pronounce a word incorrectly.; "She mispronounces many Latinate words" |
| ~ aspirate | pronounce with aspiration; of stop sounds. |
| ~ vocalize, voice, vocalise, sound | utter with vibrating vocal chords. |
| ~ retroflex | articulate (a consonant) with the tongue curled back against the palate.; "Indian accents can be characterized by the fact that speakers retroflex their consonants" |
| ~ subvocalise, subvocalize | articulate without making audible sounds.; "she was reading to herself and merely subvocalized" |
| ~ syllabise, syllabize | utter with distinct articulation of each syllable.; "The poet syllabized the verses he read" |
| ~ drawl | lengthen and slow down or draw out.; "drawl one's vowels" |
| ~ labialise, labialize, round | pronounce with rounded lips. |
| ~ lisp | speak with a lisp. |
| ~ accent, accentuate, stress | put stress on; utter with an accent.; "In Farsi, you accent the last syllable of each word" |
| ~ vowelise, vowelize, vocalise, vocalize | pronounce as a vowel.; "between two consonants, this liquid is vowelized" |
| ~ click | produce a click.; "Xhosa speakers click" |
| ~ trill | pronounce with a trill, of the phoneme `r'.; "Some speakers trill their r's" |
| ~ sibilate | pronounce with an initial sibilant. |
| ~ flap | pronounce with a flap, of alveolar sounds. |
| ~ explode | cause to burst as a result of air pressure; of stop consonants like /p/, /t/, and /k/. |
| ~ roll | pronounce with a roll, of the phoneme /r/.; "She rolls her r's" |
| v. (communication) | 8. say | communicate or express nonverbally.; "What does this painting say?"; "Did his face say anything about how he felt?" |
| ~ say | indicate.; "The clock says noon" |
| ~ convey | make known; pass on, of information.; "She conveyed the message to me" |
| v. (communication) | 9. say | utter aloud.; "She said `Hello' to everyone in the office" |
| ~ give tongue to, utter, express, verbalise, verbalize | articulate; either verbally or with a cry, shout, or noise.; "She expressed her anger"; "He uttered a curse" |
| v. (communication) | 10. say | state as one's opinion or judgement; declare.; "I say let's forget this whole business" |
| ~ say, state, tell | express in words.; "He said that he wanted to marry her"; "tell me what is bothering you"; "state your opinion"; "state your name" |
| v. (communication) | 11. say | recite or repeat a fixed text.; "Say grace"; "She said her `Hail Mary'" |
| ~ recite | repeat aloud from memory.; "she recited a poem"; "The pupil recited his lesson for the day" |
| v. (communication) | 12. say | indicate.; "The clock says noon" |
| ~ record, register, read, show | indicate a certain reading; of gauges and instruments.; "The thermometer showed thirteen degrees below zero"; "The gauge read `empty'" |
| ~ say | communicate or express nonverbally.; "What does this painting say?"; "Did his face say anything about how he felt?" |
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