| gum | | |
| n. (food) | 1. chewing gum, gum | a preparation (usually made of sweetened chicle) for chewing. |
| ~ confection, sweet | a food rich in sugar. |
| ~ gum ball | a ball of chewing gum with a coating of colored sugar. |
| ~ bubble gum | a kind of chewing gum that can be blown into bubbles. |
| ~ chicle, chicle gum | gum-like substance from the sapodilla. |
| n. (body) | 2. gingiva, gum | the tissue (covered by mucous membrane) of the jaws that surrounds the bases of the teeth. |
| ~ animal tissue | the tissue in the bodies of animals. |
| ~ mouth, oral cavity, oral fissure, rima oris | the opening through which food is taken in and vocalizations emerge.; "he stuffed his mouth with candy" |
| n. (substance) | 3. gum | any of various substances (soluble in water) that exude from certain plants; they are gelatinous when moist but harden on drying. |
| ~ liquidambar, sweet gum | aromatic exudate from the sweet gum tree. |
| ~ eucalyptus gum, eucalyptus kino, red gum | reddish-brown dried gummy exudation from any of several trees of the genus Eucalyptus especially Eucalyptus camaldulensis. |
| ~ balata, gutta balata | when dried yields a hard substance used e.g. in golf balls. |
| ~ ammoniac, gum ammoniac | the aromatic gum of the ammoniac plant. |
| ~ carrageenan, carrageenin | a colloidal extract from carrageen seaweed and other red algae. |
| ~ conima | a gum resin from the poison hemlock, Conium maculatum. |
| ~ dragon's blood | a dark red resinous substance derived from various trees and used in photoengraving. |
| ~ euphorbium, gum eurphorbium | an acrid brown gum resin now used mainly in veterinary medicine. |
| ~ exudate, exudation | a substance that oozes out from plant pores. |
| ~ frankincense, gum olibanum, olibanum, thus | an aromatic gum resin obtained from various Arabian or East African trees; formerly valued for worship and for embalming and fumigation. |
| ~ galbanum, gum albanum | a bitter aromatic gum resin that resembles asafetida. |
| ~ ghatti, ghatti gum | an Indian gum from the dhawa tree; used as a substitute for gum arabic. |
| ~ agar-agar, agar | a colloidal extract of algae; used especially in culture media and as a gelling agent in foods. |
| ~ algin, alginic acid | a gum used especially as a thickener or emulsifier. |
| ~ cherry-tree gum | exudation from trees of the Prunus genus; resembles gum arabic. |
| ~ chicle, chicle gum | gum-like substance from the sapodilla. |
| ~ guar gum | a gum from seeds of the guar plant; used to thicken foods and as sizing for paper and cloth. |
| ~ gum acacia, gum arabic | gum from an acacia tree; used as a thickener (especially in candies and pharmaceuticals). |
| ~ bengal kino, butea gum, butea kino, gum butea | dried juice of the dhak tree; used as an astringent. |
| ~ gum kino, kino, kino gum | a gum obtained from various tropical plants; used as an astringent and in tanning. |
| ~ mesquite gum | a gum obtained from mesquite pods; resembles gum arabic. |
| ~ mucilage | a gelatinous substance secreted by plants. |
| ~ karaya gum, sterculia gum | exudate of an Asian tree; used for finishing textiles and to thicken foodstuffs and cosmetics. |
| ~ gutta-percha | a whitish rubber derived from the coagulated milky latex of gutta-percha trees; used for insulation of electrical cables. |
| ~ lacquer | a black resinous substance obtained from certain trees and used as a natural varnish. |
| ~ opopanax | an odorous gum resin formerly used in medicines. |
| ~ gum sangapenum, sangapenum | a variety of gum. |
| ~ tragacanth | a gum used in pharmacy, adhesives, and textile printing. |
| n. (substance) | 4. glue, gum, mucilage | cement consisting of a sticky substance that is used as an adhesive. |
| ~ animal glue | a protein gelatin obtained by boiling e.g. skins and hoofs of cattle and horses. |
| ~ casein glue | made from casein; used for e.g. plywood and cabinetwork. |
| ~ fish glue | gelatinous substance obtained by boiling skins fins and bones of fish. |
| ~ marine glue | glue that is not water soluble. |
| ~ cement | something that hardens to act as adhesive material. |
| n. (plant) | 5. gum, gumwood | wood or lumber from any of various gum trees especially the sweet gum. |
| ~ hazelwood, satin walnut, sweet gum, red gum | reddish-brown wood and lumber from heartwood of the sweet gum tree used to make furniture. |
| ~ gum tree, gum | any of various trees of the genera Eucalyptus or Liquidambar or Nyssa that are sources of gum. |
| ~ wood | the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees. |
| n. (plant) | 6. gum, gum tree | any of various trees of the genera Eucalyptus or Liquidambar or Nyssa that are sources of gum. |
| ~ liquidambar | any tree of the genus Liquidambar. |
| ~ gumwood, gum | wood or lumber from any of various gum trees especially the sweet gum. |
| ~ eucalypt, eucalyptus tree, eucalyptus | a tree of the genus Eucalyptus. |
| ~ tupelo tree, tupelo | any of several gum trees of swampy areas of North America. |
| ~ tree | a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms. |
| v. (contact) | 7. gum | cover, fill, fix or smear with or as if with gum.; "if you gum the tape it is stronger" |
| ~ apply, put on | apply to a surface.; "She applied paint to the back of the house"; "Put on make-up!" |
| v. (consumption) | 8. gum, mumble | grind with the gums; chew without teeth and with great difficulty.; "the old man had no teeth left and mumbled his food" |
| ~ chew, manducate, masticate, jaw | chew (food); to bite and grind with the teeth.; "He jawed his bubble gum"; "Chew your food and don't swallow it!"; "The cows were masticating the grass" |
| v. (change) | 9. gum | become sticky. |
| ~ change | undergo a change; become different in essence; losing one's or its original nature.; "She changed completely as she grew older"; "The weather changed last night" |
| v. (body) | 10. gum | exude or form gum.; "these trees gum in the Spring" |
| ~ exudate, exude, ooze out, transude, ooze | release (a liquid) in drops or small quantities.; "exude sweat through the pores" |
| sap | | |
| n. (substance) | 1. sap | a watery solution of sugars, salts, and minerals that circulates through the vascular system of a plant. |
| ~ manna | hardened sugary exudation of various trees. |
| ~ solution | a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances; frequently (but not necessarily) a liquid solution.; "he used a solution of peroxide and water" |
| n. (person) | 2. fool, muggins, sap, saphead, tomfool | a person who lacks good judgment. |
| ~ ass | a pompous fool. |
| ~ buffoon, clown | a rude or vulgar fool. |
| ~ flibbertigibbet, foolish woman | a female fool. |
| ~ fucker | a stupid despised man. |
| ~ bozo, cuckoo, fathead, goof, goofball, jackass, twat, goose, zany | a man who is a stupid incompetent fool. |
| ~ meshuggeneh, meshuggener | (Yiddish) a crazy fool. |
| ~ morosoph | a learned fool. |
| ~ putz | (Yiddish) a fool; an idiot. |
| ~ simpleton, simple | a person lacking intelligence or common sense. |
| ~ wally | a silly and inept person; someone who is regarded as stupid. |
| n. (artifact) | 3. blackjack, cosh, sap | a piece of metal covered by leather with a flexible handle; used for hitting people. |
| ~ bludgeon | a club used as a weapon. |
| v. (possession) | 4. exhaust, play out, run down, sap, tire | deplete.; "exhaust one's savings"; "We quickly played out our strength" |
| ~ play out | become spent or exhausted.; "The champion's strength played out fast" |
| ~ deplete, use up, wipe out, eat up, exhaust, run through, consume, eat | use up (resources or materials).; "this car consumes a lot of gas"; "We exhausted our savings"; "They run through 20 bottles of wine a week" |
| v. (contact) | 5. sap | excavate the earth beneath. |
| ~ cave, undermine | hollow out as if making a cave or opening.; "The river was caving the banks" |
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