| attendant | | |
| n. (person) | 1. attendant, attender, tender | someone who waits on or tends to or attends to the needs of another. |
| ~ companion | one paid to accompany or assist or live with another. |
| ~ assistant, helper, help, supporter | a person who contributes to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose.; "my invaluable assistant"; "they hired additional help to finish the work" |
| ~ baggageman | an attendant who takes care of baggage. |
| ~ batman | an orderly assigned to serve a British military officer. |
| ~ bellboy, bellhop, bellman | someone employed as an errand boy and luggage carrier around hotels. |
| ~ bridesmaid, maid of honor | an unmarried woman who attends the bride at a wedding. |
| ~ caddie, golf caddie | an attendant who carries the golf clubs for a player. |
| ~ checker | an attendant who checks coats or baggage. |
| ~ courtier | an attendant at the court of a sovereign. |
| ~ cupbearer | the attendant (usually an officer of a nobleman's household) whose duty is to fill and serve cups of wine. |
| ~ equerry | a personal attendant of the British royal family. |
| ~ escort | an attendant who is employed to accompany someone. |
| ~ esquire | (Middle Ages) an attendant and shield bearer to a knight; a candidate for knighthood. |
| ~ famulus | a close attendant (as to a scholar). |
| ~ gillie | a young male attendant on a Scottish Highlander chief. |
| ~ groomsman | a male attendant of the bridegroom at a wedding. |
| ~ lifeguard, lifesaver | an attendant employed at a beach or pool to protect swimmers from accidents. |
| ~ linkboy, linkman | (formerly) an attendant hired to carry a torch for pedestrians in dark streets. |
| ~ loader | an attendant who loads guns for someone shooting game. |
| ~ matron of honor | a married woman serving as the attendant to the bride at a wedding. |
| ~ hospital attendant, orderly | a male hospital attendant who has general duties that do not involve the medical treatment of patients. |
| ~ orderly | a soldier who serves as an attendant to a superior officer.; "the orderly laid out the general's uniform" |
| ~ varlet, page | in medieval times a youth acting as a knight's attendant as the first stage in training for knighthood. |
| ~ page | a youthful attendant at official functions or ceremonies such as legislative functions and weddings. |
| ~ racker | an attendant who puts pool or billiard balls into a rack. |
| ~ rocker | an attendant who rocks a child in a cradle. |
| ~ second | the official attendant of a contestant in a duel or boxing match. |
| ~ servitor | someone who performs the duties of an attendant for someone else. |
| ~ squire | young nobleman attendant on a knight. |
| ~ gallant, squire | a man who attends or escorts a woman. |
| ~ flight attendant, steward | an attendant on an airplane. |
| ~ litter-bearer, stretcher-bearer | one who helps carry a stretcher. |
| ~ trainbearer | one who holds up the train of a gown or robe on a ceremonial occasion. |
| ~ arouser, rouser, waker | someone who rouses others from sleep. |
| n. (person) | 2. attendant, attendee, attender, meeter | a person who is present and participates in a meeting.; "he was a regular attender at department meetings"; "the gathering satisfied both organizers and attendees" |
| ~ conventioneer | someone who attends a convention. |
| ~ participant | someone who takes part in an activity. |
| ~ partygoer | someone who is attending a party.; "the hall was crowded with an overflow of partygoers" |
| ~ symposiast | someone who participates in a symposium. |
| n. (event) | 3. accompaniment, attendant, co-occurrence, concomitant | an event or situation that happens at the same time as or in connection with another. |
| ~ happening, natural event, occurrence, occurrent | an event that happens. |
| ~ associate | any event that usually accompanies or is closely connected with another.; "first was the lightning and then its thunderous associate" |
| ~ background | relatively unimportant or inconspicuous accompanying situation.; "when the rain came he could hear the sound of thunder in the background" |
| adj. | 4. attendant | being present (at meeting or event etc.).; "attendant members of the congreation" |
| ~ present | being or existing in a specified place.; "the murderer is present in this room"; "present at the wedding"; "present at the creation" |
| adj. | 5. accompanying, attendant, concomitant, consequent, ensuant, incidental, resultant, sequent | following or accompanying as a consequence.; "an excessive growth of bureaucracy, with attendant problems"; "snags incidental to the changeover in management"; "attendant circumstances"; "the period of tension and consequent need for military preparedness"; "the ensuant response to his appeal"; "the resultant savings were considerable" |
| ~ subsequent | following in time or order.; "subsequent developments" |
| keep | | |
| n. (possession) | 1. bread and butter, keep, livelihood, living, support, sustenance | the financial means whereby one lives.; "each child was expected to pay for their keep"; "he applied to the state for support"; "he could no longer earn his own livelihood" |
| ~ resource | available source of wealth; a new or reserve supply that can be drawn upon when needed. |
| ~ amenities, comforts, conveniences, creature comforts | things that make you comfortable and at ease.; "all the comforts of home" |
| ~ maintenance | means of maintenance of a family or group. |
| ~ meal ticket | a source of income or livelihood. |
| ~ subsistence | minimal (or marginal) resources for subsisting.; "social security provided only a bare subsistence" |
| n. (artifact) | 2. donjon, dungeon, keep | the main tower within the walls of a medieval castle or fortress. |
| ~ black hole of calcutta | a dungeon (20 feet square) in a fort in Calcutta where as many as 146 English prisoners were held overnight by Siraj-ud-daula; the next morning only 23 were still alive. |
| ~ castle | a large building formerly occupied by a ruler and fortified against attack. |
| ~ stronghold, fastness | a strongly fortified defensive structure. |
| n. (artifact) | 3. hold, keep | a cell in a jail or prison. |
| ~ jail cell, prison cell, cell | a room where a prisoner is kept. |
| v. (stative) | 4. hold, keep, maintain | keep in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g.,.; "keep clean"; "hold in place"; "She always held herself as a lady"; "The students keep me on my toes" |
| ~ pressurise, pressurize | maintain a certain pressure.; "the airplane cabin is pressurized"; "pressurize a space suit" |
| ~ preserve, uphold, carry on, continue, bear on | keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last.; "preserve the peace in the family"; "continue the family tradition"; "Carry on the old traditions" |
| ~ hold over | keep in a position or state from an earlier period of time. |
| ~ conserve | keep constant through physical or chemical reactions or evolutionary change.; "Energy is conserved in this process" |
| ~ preserve | keep undisturbed for personal or private use for hunting, shooting, or fishing.; "preserve the forest and the lakes" |
| ~ distance | keep at a distance.; "we have to distance ourselves from these events in order to continue living" |
| ~ housekeep | maintain a household; take care of all business related to a household. |
| v. (stative) | 5. continue, go along, go on, keep, proceed | continue a certain state, condition, or activity.; "Keep on working!"; "We continued to work into the night"; "Keep smiling"; "We went on working until well past midnight" |
| ~ act, move | perform an action, or work out or perform (an action).; "think before you act"; "We must move quickly"; "The governor should act on the new energy bill"; "The nanny acted quickly by grabbing the toddler and covering him with a wet towel" |
| ~ preserve, uphold, carry on, continue, bear on | keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last.; "preserve the peace in the family"; "continue the family tradition"; "Carry on the old traditions" |
| ~ hold | remain in a certain state, position, or condition.; "The weather held"; "They held on the road and kept marching" |
| ~ keep going, run on | continue uninterrupted.; "The disease will run on unchecked"; "The party kept going until 4 A.M." |
| ~ ride | continue undisturbed and without interference.; "Let it ride" |
| ~ continue | continue after an interruption.; "The demonstration continued after a break for lunch" |
| v. (possession) | 6. hold on, keep | retain possession of.; "Can I keep my old stuffed animals?"; "She kept her maiden name after she married" |
| ~ hold over, carry over | hold over goods to be sold for the next season. |
| ~ have, have got, hold | have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense.; "She has $1,000 in the bank"; "He has got two beautiful daughters"; "She holds a Master's degree from Harvard" |
| ~ deny, refuse | refuse to let have.; "She denies me every pleasure"; "he denies her her weekly allowance" |
| ~ deduct, withhold, recoup | retain and refrain from disbursing; of payments.; "My employer is withholding taxes" |
| ~ save, preserve | to keep up and reserve for personal or special use.; "She saved the old family photographs in a drawer" |
| ~ hive away, lay in, salt away, stack away, stash away, store, put in | keep or lay aside for future use.; "store grain for the winter"; "The bear stores fat for the period of hibernation when he doesn't eat" |
| ~ store | find a place for and put away for storage.; "where should we stow the vegetables?"; "I couldn't store all the books in the attic so I sold some" |
| ~ keep back, retain, hold back, hold | secure and keep for possible future use or application.; "The landlord retained the security deposit"; "I reserve the right to disagree" |
| ~ hold open, keep open, save, keep | retain rights to.; "keep my job for me while I give birth"; "keep my seat, please"; "keep open the possibility of a merger" |
| ~ harbour, harbor | keep in one's possession; of animals. |
| v. (social) | 7. keep, prevent | stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state.; "We must prevent the cancer from spreading"; "His snoring kept me from falling asleep"; "Keep the child from eating the marbles" |
| ~ defend | be on the defensive; act against an attack. |
| ~ keep | hold and prevent from leaving.; "The student was kept after school" |
| ~ keep out, shut out, exclude, shut | prevent from entering; shut out.; "The trees were shutting out all sunlight"; "This policy excludes people who have a criminal record from entering the country" |
| ~ hold | keep from departing.; "Hold the taxi"; "Hold the horse" |
| ~ keep away | prevent from coming close.; "I tried to keep the child away from the pool" |
| ~ blank | keep the opposing (baseball) team from winning. |
| ~ hinder, impede | be a hindrance or obstacle to.; "She is impeding the progress of our project" |
| ~ rain out, wash out | prevent or interrupt due to rain.; "The storm had washed out the game" |
| v. (social) | 8. keep, observe | conform one's action or practice to.; "keep appointments"; "she never keeps her promises"; "We kept to the original conditions of the contract" |
| ~ make good | act as promised.; "make good on promises" |
| v. (cognition) | 9. keep, maintain, observe | stick to correctly or closely.; "The pianist kept time with the metronome"; "keep count"; "I cannot keep track of all my employees" |
| v. (possession) | 10. keep | look after; be the keeper of; have charge of.; "He keeps the shop when I am gone" |
| ~ have, have got, hold | have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense.; "She has $1,000 in the bank"; "He has got two beautiful daughters"; "She holds a Master's degree from Harvard" |
| ~ conserve, maintain, preserve, keep up | keep in safety and protect from harm, decay, loss, or destruction.; "We preserve these archeological findings"; "The old lady could not keep up the building"; "children must be taught to conserve our national heritage"; "The museum curator conserved the ancient manuscripts" |
| ~ preserve, keep | maintain in safety from injury, harm, or danger.; "May God keep you" |
| v. (communication) | 11. keep, maintain | maintain by writing regular records.; "keep a diary"; "maintain a record"; "keep notes" |
| ~ record, enter, put down | make a record of; set down in permanent form. |
| v. (stative) | 12. keep | supply with room and board.; "He is keeping three women in the guest cottage"; "keep boarders" |
| ~ lodge, accommodate | provide housing for.; "We are lodging three foreign students this semester" |
| v. (social) | 13. continue, keep, keep on, retain | allow to remain in a place or position or maintain a property or feature.; "We cannot continue several servants any longer"; "She retains a lawyer"; "The family's fortune waned and they could not keep their household staff"; "Our grant has run out and we cannot keep you on"; "We kept the work going as long as we could"; "She retained her composure"; "this garment retains its shape even after many washings" |
| ~ sustain, keep up, prolong | lengthen or extend in duration or space.; "We sustained the diplomatic negotiations as long as possible"; "prolong the treatment of the patient"; "keep up the good work" |
| ~ persist in, continue | do something repeatedly and showing no intention to stop.; "We continued our research into the cause of the illness"; "The landlord persists in asking us to move" |
| v. (consumption) | 14. keep, maintain, sustain | supply with necessities and support.; "She alone sustained her family"; "The money will sustain our good cause"; "There's little to earn and many to keep" |
| ~ patronage | support by being a patron of. |
| ~ reseed | maintain by seeding without human intervention.; "Some plants reseed themselves indefinitely" |
| ~ have, have got, hold | have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense.; "She has $1,000 in the bank"; "He has got two beautiful daughters"; "She holds a Master's degree from Harvard" |
| ~ carry | keep up with financial support.; "The Federal Government carried the province for many years" |
| v. (stative) | 15. keep, stay fresh | fail to spoil or rot.; "These potatoes keep for a long time" |
| ~ remain, stay, rest | stay the same; remain in a certain state.; "The dress remained wet after repeated attempts to dry it"; "rest assured"; "stay alone"; "He remained unmoved by her tears"; "The bad weather continued for another week" |
| ~ preserve, keep | prevent (food) from rotting.; "preserved meats"; "keep potatoes fresh" |
| v. (social) | 16. celebrate, keep, observe | behave as expected during of holidays or rites.; "Keep the commandments"; "celebrate Christmas"; "Observe Yom Kippur" |
| ~ commemorate, mark | mark by some ceremony or observation.; "The citizens mark the anniversary of the revolution with a march and a parade" |
| ~ mourn | observe the customs of mourning after the death of a loved one. |
| ~ solemnise, solemnize | observe or perform with dignity or gravity.; "The King solemnized this day of morning" |
| v. (social) | 17. hold back, keep, keep back, restrain | keep under control; keep in check.; "suppress a smile"; "Keep your temper"; "keep your cool" |
| ~ hold | keep from exhaling or expelling.; "hold your breath" |
| ~ confine | prevent from leaving or from being removed. |
| ~ bottle up, suppress, inhibit | control and refrain from showing; of emotions, desires, impulses, or behavior. |
| ~ bottle up, suppress, inhibit | control and refrain from showing; of emotions, desires, impulses, or behavior. |
| ~ curb, control, hold in, contain, moderate, check, hold | lessen the intensity of; temper; hold in restraint; hold or keep within limits.; "moderate your alcohol intake"; "hold your tongue"; "hold your temper"; "control your anger" |
| v. (stative) | 18. keep, preserve | maintain in safety from injury, harm, or danger.; "May God keep you" |
| ~ protect | shield from danger, injury, destruction, or damage.; "Weatherbeater protects your roof from the rain" |
| ~ keep | look after; be the keeper of; have charge of.; "He keeps the shop when I am gone" |
| v. (stative) | 19. keep | raise.; "She keeps a few chickens in the yard"; "he keeps bees" |
| ~ farm, produce, raise, grow | cultivate by growing, often involving improvements by means of agricultural techniques.; "The Bordeaux region produces great red wines"; "They produce good ham in Parma"; "We grow wheat here"; "We raise hogs here" |
| ~ herd | keep, move, or drive animals.; "Who will be herding the cattle when the cowboy dies?" |
| v. (possession) | 20. hold open, keep, keep open, save | retain rights to.; "keep my job for me while I give birth"; "keep my seat, please"; "keep open the possibility of a merger" |
| ~ keep, hold on | retain possession of.; "Can I keep my old stuffed animals?"; "She kept her maiden name after she married" |
| ~ book, reserve, hold | arrange for and reserve (something for someone else) in advance.; "reserve me a seat on a flight"; "The agent booked tickets to the show for the whole family"; "please hold a table at Maxim's" |
| v. (possession) | 21. keep | store or keep customarily.; "Where do you keep your gardening tools?" |
| ~ keep | have as a supply.; "I always keep batteries in the freezer"; "keep food for a week in the pantry"; "She keeps a sixpack and a week's worth of supplies in the refrigerator" |
| ~ store | find a place for and put away for storage.; "where should we stow the vegetables?"; "I couldn't store all the books in the attic so I sold some" |
| v. (possession) | 22. keep | have as a supply.; "I always keep batteries in the freezer"; "keep food for a week in the pantry"; "She keeps a sixpack and a week's worth of supplies in the refrigerator" |
| ~ have, have got, hold | have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense.; "She has $1,000 in the bank"; "He has got two beautiful daughters"; "She holds a Master's degree from Harvard" |
| ~ keep | store or keep customarily.; "Where do you keep your gardening tools?" |
| v. (possession) | 23. keep, maintain | maintain for use and service.; "I keep a car in the countryside"; "She keeps an apartment in Paris for her shopping trips" |
| ~ have, have got, hold | have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense.; "She has $1,000 in the bank"; "He has got two beautiful daughters"; "She holds a Master's degree from Harvard" |
| v. (contact) | 24. keep | hold and prevent from leaving.; "The student was kept after school" |
| ~ prevent, keep | stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state.; "We must prevent the cancer from spreading"; "His snoring kept me from falling asleep"; "Keep the child from eating the marbles" |
| ~ detain, confine | deprive of freedom; take into confinement. |
| v. (change) | 25. keep, preserve | prevent (food) from rotting.; "preserved meats"; "keep potatoes fresh" |
| ~ freeze-dry | preserve by rapid freezing and subsequently drying in a vacuum.; "freeze-dry the strawberries" |
| ~ conserve | preserve with sugar.; "Mom always conserved the strawberries we grew in the backyard" |
| ~ dehydrate, desiccate | preserve by removing all water and liquids from.; "carry dehydrated food on your camping trip" |
| ~ pickle | preserve in a pickling liquid. |
| ~ salt | preserve with salt.; "people used to salt meats on ships" |
| ~ can, tin, put up | preserve in a can or tin.; "tinned foods are not very tasty" |
| ~ refrigerate | preserve by chilling.; "many foods must be refrigerated or else they will spoil" |
| ~ cure | prepare by drying, salting, or chemical processing in order to preserve.; "cure meats"; "cure pickles"; "cure hay" |
| ~ corn | preserve with salt.; "corned beef" |
| ~ ready, cook, prepare, fix, make | prepare for eating by applying heat.; "Cook me dinner, please"; "can you make me an omelette?"; "fix breakfast for the guests, please" |
| ~ stay fresh, keep | fail to spoil or rot.; "These potatoes keep for a long time" |
| maintain | | |
| v. (possession) | 1. conserve, keep up, maintain, preserve | keep in safety and protect from harm, decay, loss, or destruction.; "We preserve these archeological findings"; "The old lady could not keep up the building"; "children must be taught to conserve our national heritage"; "The museum curator conserved the ancient manuscripts" |
| ~ keep | look after; be the keeper of; have charge of.; "He keeps the shop when I am gone" |
| ~ embalm | preserve a dead body. |
| ~ plastinate | preserve (tissue) with plastics, as for teaching and research purposes.; "The doctor plastinates bodies to teach anatomy to his students" |
| ~ hold the line | hold the line on prices; keep the price of something constant. |
| v. (communication) | 2. assert, asseverate, maintain | state categorically. |
| ~ insist, take a firm stand | be emphatic or resolute and refuse to budge.; "I must insist!" |
| ~ allege, aver, say | report or maintain.; "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime"; "He said it was too late to intervene in the war"; "The registrar says that I owe the school money" |
| ~ predicate, proclaim | affirm or declare as an attribute or quality of.; "The speech predicated the fitness of the candidate to be President" |
| v. (possession) | 3. exert, maintain, wield | have and exercise.; "wield power and authority" |
| ~ have, have got, hold | have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense.; "She has $1,000 in the bank"; "He has got two beautiful daughters"; "She holds a Master's degree from Harvard" |
| v. (communication) | 4. defend, maintain | state or assert.; "He maintained his innocence" |
| ~ vindicate | maintain, uphold, or defend.; "vindicate the rights of the citizens" |
| ~ affirm | say yes to. |
| v. (communication) | 5. maintain, uphold | support against an opponent.; "The appellate court upheld the verdict" |
| ~ vindicate, justify | show to be right by providing justification or proof.; "vindicate a claim" |
| ~ reassert, confirm | strengthen or make more firm.; "The witnesses confirmed the victim's account" |
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