| ascertain | | |
| v. (communication) | 1. ascertain, determine, find, find out | establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study.; "find the product of two numbers"; "The physicist who found the elusive particle won the Nobel Prize" |
| ~ gauge | determine the capacity, volume, or contents of by measurement and calculation.; "gauge the wine barrels" |
| ~ translate | determine the amino-acid sequence of a protein during its synthesis by using information on the messenger RNA. |
| ~ rectify | math: determine the length of.; "rectify a curve" |
| ~ redetermine | fix, find, or establish again.; "the physicists redetermined Planck's constant" |
| ~ sequence | determine the order of constituents in.; "They sequenced the human genome" |
| ~ ascertain, find out, learn, watch, determine, see, check | find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort.; "I want to see whether she speaks French"; "See whether it works"; "find out if he speaks Russian"; "Check whether the train leaves on time" |
| ~ refract | determine the refracting power of (a lens). |
| ~ count, numerate, enumerate, number | determine the number or amount of.; "Can you count the books on your shelf?"; "Count your change" |
| ~ discover, find | make a discovery, make a new finding.; "Roentgen discovered X-rays"; "Physicists believe they found a new elementary particle" |
| ~ admeasure | determine the quantity of someone's share. |
| ~ situate, locate | determine or indicate the place, site, or limits of, as if by an instrument or by a survey.; "Our sense of sight enables us to locate objects in space"; "Locate the boundaries of the property" |
| v. (cognition) | 2. ascertain, assure, check, control, ensure, insure, see, see to it | be careful or certain to do something; make certain of something.; "He verified that the valves were closed"; "See that the curtains are closed"; "control the quality of the product" |
| ~ proofread, proof | read for errors.; "I should proofread my manuscripts" |
| ~ check off, tick off, mark off, tick, check, mark | put a check mark on or near or next to.; "Please check each name on the list"; "tick off the items"; "mark off the units" |
| ~ control | verify by using a duplicate register for comparison.; "control an account" |
| ~ check | verify by consulting a source or authority.; "check the spelling of this word"; "check your facts" |
| ~ double-check | check once more to be absolutely sure. |
| ~ cross-check | check out conflicting sources; crosscheck facts, for example. |
| ~ cinch | make sure of. |
| ~ card | ask someone for identification to determine whether he or she is old enough to consume liquor.; "I was carded when I tried to buy a beer!" |
| ~ spot-check | pick out random samples for examination in order to ensure high quality. |
| ~ verify | confirm the truth of.; "Please verify that the doors are closed"; "verify a claim" |
| ~ ascertain, find out, learn, watch, determine, see, check | find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort.; "I want to see whether she speaks French"; "See whether it works"; "find out if he speaks Russian"; "Check whether the train leaves on time" |
| ~ cover | maintain a check on; especially by patrolling.; "The second officer covered the top floor" |
| ~ verify, control | check or regulate (a scientific experiment) by conducting a parallel experiment or comparing with another standard.; "Are you controlling for the temperature?" |
| v. (communication) | 3. ascertain, check, determine, find out, learn, see, watch | find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort.; "I want to see whether she speaks French"; "See whether it works"; "find out if he speaks Russian"; "Check whether the train leaves on time" |
| ~ insure, see to it, ascertain, ensure, check, assure, control, see | be careful or certain to do something; make certain of something.; "He verified that the valves were closed"; "See that the curtains are closed"; "control the quality of the product" |
| ~ ascertain, determine, find out, find | establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study.; "find the product of two numbers"; "The physicist who found the elusive particle won the Nobel Prize" |
| ~ test | determine the presence or properties of (a substance). |
| v. (cognition) | 4. ascertain | learn or discover with certainty. |
| ~ get a line, get wind, get word, discover, find out, hear, learn, pick up, see | get to know or become aware of, usually accidentally.; "I learned that she has two grown-up children"; "I see that you have been promoted" |
| ~ price | ascertain or learn the price of.; "Have you priced personal computers lately?" |
| clarify | | |
| v. (communication) | 1. clarify, clear up, elucidate | make clear and (more) comprehensible.; "clarify the mystery surrounding her death" |
| ~ demystify | make less mysterious or remove the mystery from.; "let's demystify the event by explaining what it is all about" |
| ~ crystalise, crystalize, crystallise, shed light on, crystallize, elucidate, illuminate, sort out, enlighten, clear up, straighten out, clear | make free from confusion or ambiguity; make clear.; "Could you clarify these remarks?"; "Clear up the question of who is at fault" |
| ~ explain, explicate | make plain and comprehensible.; "He explained the laws of physics to his students" |
| ~ elaborate, expatiate, expound, lucubrate, dilate, exposit, flesh out, enlarge, expand | add details, as to an account or idea; clarify the meaning of and discourse in a learned way, usually in writing.; "She elaborated on the main ideas in her dissertation" |
| ~ disambiguate | state unambiguously or remove ambiguities from.; "Can you disambiguate this statement?" |
| v. (change) | 2. clarify | make clear by removing impurities or solids, as by heating.; "clarify the butter"; "clarify beer" |
| ~ cookery, cooking, preparation | the act of preparing something (as food) by the application of heat.; "cooking can be a great art"; "people are needed who have experience in cookery"; "he left the preparation of meals to his wife" |
| ~ alter, change, modify | cause to change; make different; cause a transformation.; "The advent of the automobile may have altered the growth pattern of the city"; "The discussion has changed my thinking about the issue" |
| identify | | |
| v. (cognition) | 1. identify, place | recognize as being; establish the identity of someone or something.; "She identified the man on the 'wanted' poster" |
| ~ differentiate, distinguish, secern, secernate, severalise, severalize, tell apart, separate, tell | mark as different.; "We distinguish several kinds of maple" |
| ~ set, determine | fix conclusively or authoritatively.; "set the rules" |
| v. (communication) | 2. identify, name | give the name or identifying characteristics of; refer to by name or some other identifying characteristic property.; "Many senators were named in connection with the scandal"; "The almanac identifies the auspicious months" |
| ~ denote, refer | have as a meaning.; "`multi-' denotes `many' " |
| ~ enumerate, itemize, itemise, recite | specify individually.; "She enumerated the many obstacles she had encountered"; "The doctor recited the list of possible side effects of the drug" |
| ~ number, list | enumerate.; "We must number the names of the great mathematicians" |
| ~ announce | give the names of.; "He announced the winners of the spelling bee" |
| v. (cognition) | 3. identify | consider (oneself) as similar to somebody else.; "He identified with the refugees" |
| ~ consider, regard, view, reckon, see | deem to be.; "She views this quite differently from me"; "I consider her to be shallow"; "I don't see the situation quite as negatively as you do" |
| v. (cognition) | 4. identify | conceive of as united or associated.; "Sex activity is closely identified with the hypothalamus" |
| ~ associate, colligate, link, relate, connect, tie in, link up | make a logical or causal connection.; "I cannot connect these two pieces of evidence in my mind"; "colligate these facts"; "I cannot relate these events at all" |
| v. (cognition) | 5. describe, discover, distinguish, identify, key, key out, name | identify as in botany or biology, for example. |
| ~ class, classify, sort out, assort, sort, separate | arrange or order by classes or categories.; "How would you classify these pottery shards--are they prehistoric?" |
| v. (cognition) | 6. identify | consider to be equal or the same.; "He identified his brother as one of the fugitives" |
| ~ recognize, recognise | perceive to be the same. |
| ~ misidentify, mistake | identify incorrectly.; "Don't mistake her for her twin sister" |
| ~ type, typecast | identify as belonging to a certain type.; "Such people can practically be typed" |
| ~ taste | distinguish flavors.; "We tasted wines last night" |
| substantiate | | |
| v. (cognition) | 1. affirm, confirm, corroborate, substantiate, support, sustain | establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts.; "his story confirmed my doubts"; "The evidence supports the defendant" |
| ~ back up, back | establish as valid or genuine.; "Can you back up your claims?" |
| ~ vouch | give supporting evidence.; "He vouched his words by his deeds" |
| ~ verify | confirm the truth of.; "Please verify that the doors are closed"; "verify a claim" |
| ~ shew, demonstrate, prove, show, establish | establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment.; "The experiment demonstrated the instability of the compound"; "The mathematician showed the validity of the conjecture" |
| ~ document | support or supply with references.; "Can you document your claims?" |
| ~ validate | prove valid; show or confirm the validity of something. |
| v. (stative) | 2. body forth, embody, incarnate, substantiate | represent in bodily form.; "He embodies all that is evil wrong with the system"; "The painting substantiates the feelings of the artist" |
| ~ be | have the quality of being; (copula, used with an adjective or a predicate noun).; "John is rich"; "This is not a good answer" |
| v. (creation) | 3. actualise, actualize, realise, realize, substantiate | make real or concrete; give reality or substance to.; "our ideas must be substantiated into actions" |
| ~ create, make | make or cause to be or to become.; "make a mess in one's office"; "create a furor" |
| ~ incarnate | make concrete and real. |
| ~ express | manifest the effects of (a gene or genetic trait).; "Many of the laboratory animals express the trait" |
| v. (change) | 4. substantiate | solidify, firm, or strengthen.; "The president's trip will substantiate good relations with the former enemy country" |
| ~ beef up, fortify, strengthen | make strong or stronger.; "This exercise will strengthen your upper body"; "strengthen the relations between the two countries" |
| explicit | | |
| adj. | 1. explicit, expressed | precisely and clearly expressed or readily observable; leaving nothing to implication.; "explicit instructions"; "she made her wishes explicit"; "explicit sexual scenes" |
| ~ definite | precise; explicit and clearly defined.; "I want a definite answer"; "a definite statement of the terms of the will"; "a definite amount"; "definite restrictions on the sale of alcohol"; "the wedding date is now definite"; "a definite drop in attendance" |
| ~ denotative, denotive | having the power of explicitly denoting or designating or naming. |
| ~ unequivocal, univocal, unambiguous | admitting of no doubt or misunderstanding; having only one meaning or interpretation and leading to only one conclusion.; "unequivocal evidence"; "took an unequivocal position"; "an unequivocal success"; "an unequivocal promise"; "an unequivocal (or univocal) statement" |
| ~ stated, declared | declared as fact; explicitly stated. |
| ~ definitive, unequivocal | clearly defined or formulated.; "the plain and unequivocal language of the laws" |
| ~ express | not tacit or implied.; "her express wish" |
| ~ graphic | describing nudity or sexual activity in graphic detail.; "graphic sexual scenes" |
| ~ hardcore, hard-core | extremely explicit.; "hard-core pornography" |
| ~ overt, open | open and observable; not secret or hidden.; "an overt lie"; "overt hostility"; "overt intelligence gathering"; "open ballots" |
| adj. | 2. denotative, explicit | in accordance with fact or the primary meaning of a term. |
| ~ literal | limited to the explicit meaning of a word or text.; "a literal translation" |
| positive | | |
| n. (communication) | 1. positive, positive degree | the primary form of an adjective or adverb; denotes a quality without qualification, comparison, or relation to increase or diminution. |
| ~ adjective | a word that expresses an attribute of something. |
| ~ adverb | a word that modifies something other than a noun. |
| n. (artifact) | 2. positive | a film showing a photographic image whose tones correspond to those of the original subject. |
| ~ photographic film, film | photographic material consisting of a base of celluloid covered with a photographic emulsion; used to make negatives or transparencies. |
| ~ lantern slide, slide | a transparency mounted in a frame; viewed with a slide projector. |
| adj. | 3. positive | characterized by or displaying affirmation or acceptance or certainty etc..; "a positive attitude"; "the reviews were all positive"; "a positive benefit"; "a positive demand" |
| ~ affirmative, affirmatory | affirming or giving assent.; "an affirmative decision"; "affirmative votes" |
| ~ constructive | constructing or tending to construct or improve or promote development.; "constructive criticism"; "a constructive attitude"; "a constructive philosophy"; "constructive permission" |
| ~ optimistic | expecting the best in this best of all possible worlds.; "in an optimistic mood"; "optimistic plans"; "took an optimistic view" |
| ~ affirmative, optimistic | expecting the best.; "an affirmative outlook" |
| ~ constructive | emphasizing what is laudable or hopeful or to the good.; "constructive criticism" |
| ~ supportive | furnishing support or assistance.; "a supportive family network"; "his family was supportive of his attempts to be a writer" |
| adj. | 4. confident, convinced, positive | persuaded of; very sure.; "were convinced that it would be to their advantage to join"; "I am positive he is lying"; "was confident he would win" |
| ~ sure, certain | having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured.; "felt certain of success"; "was sure (or certain) she had seen it"; "was very sure in his beliefs"; "sure of her friends" |
| adj. | 5. plus, positive | involving advantage or good.; "a plus (or positive) factor" |
| ~ advantageous | giving an advantage.; "a contract advantageous to our country"; "socially advantageous to entertain often" |
| adj. | 6. confirming, positive | indicating existence or presence of a suspected condition or pathogen.; "a positive pregnancy test" |
| ~ medical specialty, medicine | the branches of medical science that deal with nonsurgical techniques. |
| ~ gram-positive | (of bacteria) being or relating to a bacterium that retains the violet stain used in Gram's method. |
| adj. | 7. positive, prescribed | formally laid down or imposed.; "positive laws" |
| ~ formal | being in accord with established forms and conventions and requirements (as e.g. of formal dress).; "pay one's formal respects"; "formal dress"; "a formal ball"; "the requirement was only formal and often ignored"; "a formal education" |
| adj. | 8. incontrovertible, irrefutable, positive | impossible to deny or disprove.; "incontrovertible proof of the defendant's innocence"; "proof positive"; "an irrefutable argument" |
| ~ undeniable | not possible to deny. |
| adj. (pertain) | 9. positive, positivist, positivistic | of or relating to positivism.; "positivist thinkers"; "positivist doctrine"; "positive philosophy" |
| adj. | 10. positive | reckoned, situated or tending in the direction which naturally or arbitrarily is taken to indicate increase or progress or onward motion.; "positive increase in graduating students" |
| adj. | 11. positive | greater than zero.; "positive numbers" |
| ~ math, mathematics, maths | a science (or group of related sciences) dealing with the logic of quantity and shape and arrangement. |
| ~ plus | on the positive side or higher end of a scale.; "a plus value"; "temperature of plus 5 degrees"; "a grade of C plus" |
| adj. | 12. electropositive, positive, positively charged | having a positive charge.; "protons are positive" |
| ~ charged | of a particle or body or system; having a net amount of positive or negative electric charge.; "charged particles"; "a charged battery" |
| adj. | 13. cocksure, overconfident, positive | marked by excessive confidence.; "an arrogant and cocksure materialist"; "so overconfident and impudent as to speak to the queen"; "the less he knows the more positive he gets" |
| ~ confident | having or marked by confidence or assurance.; "a confident speaker"; "a confident reply"; "his manner is more confident these days"; "confident of fulfillment" |
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